Studies on genesis,and topo and bio-sequence of soils in the Fukiage coastal dune

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The characteristics,genesis,distribution patterns and classification of soils,which change with micro-topography and vegetation under the warm temperate climate in the Fukiage coastal dune of South Kyushu,Japan,were investigated here.A series of soils, which change with micro-topography and vegetation in the Fukiage coastal dune,is regularly developed. And a new type soil which has a bleached horizon and an accumulation layer with iron mottlings and which is not reported in Japan until now is developed under pine (Pinus thunbergn) - moss (Hypnum plumaeforme) forest in the terrace-like sand hills.Topo- and bio-sequence of the soils in the Fukiage coastal dune is as fallow.Protic Alenosols (Calcaric) are developed under non-vegetation on the front slope of the front sand hill,Haplic Alenosols (Calcaric) under maritime scrub on the top of the front sand hill,Haplic Alenosols (Hypereutric) under pine-Japanese pampas grass forest on the back slope of the front sand hill,Endogleyic Alenosols (Hypereutric) under moist-soil plants grassland in the marsh,Brunic Albic Alenosols (Endoeutric) and Brunic Albic Alenosols (Hyperdystric) under pine - moss forest on the three steps of the terrace-like sand hills,and Haplic Alenosols (Endoeutric) under evergreen broad-leaved tree forest in the back sand hill.The series of soils, which change with micro-topography and vegetation in the Fukiage coastal dune,is classified very appropriately according to the world reference base for soil resources (WRB). These soils,however,cannot be well classified according to any soil classification system of Japan. The improvement of soil groups and subgroups is required for it.