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Improvement of acidic soils by aluminium (Al)-resistant fungi and molecular mechanism of Al-resistance

抗铝真菌改良酸性土壤及其抗铝分子机制

基本信息

批准号：
17580065
负责人：
KAWAI Fusako
金额：
$ 2.31万
依托单位：
Okayama University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17580065/
关键词：
acidic soil Acd- and aluminium-resistant microbes Penicillium janthenellum F-13 Rhodotorula glutinis IFO 1125 mitochondria novel aluminium-resistant mechanism aluminium toxicity Al耐性菌 Al耐性分子機構 Al耐性カビ Al耐性酵母 Al耐性遺伝子アムミ耐性菌 Penicil

项目摘要

1) We showed that Penicillium janthinellum F-13isolated from tea field could neutralize acidity of acidic soils in Tohoku Area of Japan and promoted germination and growth of vegitation. Efficiency was maintained for a few years. Another experimental execution of works are on going in another site in Japan, showing the similar improvement. In general, the strain is expected to improve vegitation in acidic soils of Japan.2) We introduced two candidate Al-tolerant genes of Al-tolerant UV-mutant derived from P. chrysogenum IFO4626 into Nicotiana tabacum, designating this as TO. Using T2seeds, increase of Al-tolerance was examined by germination and growth, but no positive results have not been detected. We will try another candidate genes and another growth conditions.3) DDGE analyses of soils collected from different sites in Thailand suggested that less microbial flora were detectable in acidic soils than in normal soil. When soil extracts were kept under acidic conditions, variety of m … More icrobial flora of regular soil was simplified, but no change was found with acidic soils, suggesting that only tolerant flora to Al and acidity exist in acidic soil and fungi are more tolerant to Al and acidity than bacteria.4) DGGE analyses of domestic soils collected from different sites in tea fields of Shizuoka Prefecture showed that microbial flora were greatly influenced by soil pHs. Nitrogen fertilizer reduced soil pH and bacteria/fungi ratio increased under pH4. Characteristic fungi were detected in furrow soils where nitrogen fertilizers are given..5) The mechanism of novel Al tolerance found in Rhodotorula glutinis IFO1125 was analyzed. Increased tolerance was obtained accordingly to increased Al concentrations. Increased resistat cells had increased mitochondria and their DNA. Al ion increased membrane potential of mitochondria producing active oxygen species caused by lowered cytochrome oxidase and resulting in Al toxicity. The increment of mitochondrial numbers and their DNA is concluded to be a conpensation for lowered respiration ability caused by decrement of cytochrome oxidase.6) Involvent of three genes were suggested in Al tolerance of R. glutinis. Laccase is possibly related to iron uptake, which is elevated in the presence of Al. Arsenite-translocating ATPase is relevant to maintaining membrane integrity, especially mitochondrial function. Ca^<2+>/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase is suggested to be involved in Al tolerance through Ca^<2+>/calmodulin-dependent signaling pathway. Less

1)结果表明，从日本东北地区茶园中分离的微黄青霉F-13能中和酸性土壤的酸性，促进茶树的萌发和生长。效率维持了几年。另一个实验性的执行工作正在进行中的另一个网站在日本，显示出类似的改善。2）将产黄青霉IFO 4626耐铝突变体的两个候选耐铝基因导入烟草（Nicotiana tabacum），命名为TO。以T2种子为材料，通过发芽试验和生长试验检测了耐铝性的提高，但未检测到阳性结果。我们将尝试另一个候选基因和另一种生长条件。3）从泰国不同地点收集的土壤的DDGE分析表明，酸性土壤中检测到的微生物植物群比正常土壤中少。当土壤浸提液保持在酸性条件下时， ...更多信息结果表明，在酸性土壤中，只有耐铝和耐酸性的微生物区系存在，真菌比细菌更耐铝和耐酸性。4）静冈县茶园不同地点土壤微生物区系的DGGE分析表明，土壤pH值对土壤微生物区系有较大影响。施氮降低了土壤pH值，pH值为4时，细菌/真菌比值增加。在施用氮肥的沟土中检测到特征真菌。5)分析了红酵母IFO 1125耐铝的机制。相应地获得增加的耐受性增加Al浓度。增加的抵抗细胞增加了线粒体和它们的DNA。铝离子使细胞色素氧化酶活性降低，线粒体膜电位升高，产生活性氧，导致铝中毒。线粒体数量和DNA含量的增加是对细胞色素氧化酶活性下降导致的呼吸能力下降的补偿。是的。漆酶可能与铁的吸收有关，铁的吸收在铝的存在下升高。亚砷酸盐转运ATP酶与维持膜的完整性，特别是线粒体功能有关。Ca ^2 +/钙调素依赖性蛋白激酶可能通过Ca ^2 +/钙调素依赖性信号通路参与铝耐受。少