Development of a "self-learning system for body mechanics application", a CAI material for preventing lower back pain among nurses

1护理活动中身体力学的应用与下背部负担的关系我们通过护生将患者转移到轮椅上的护理动作，调查了护理活动中身体力学的应用与下腰部负担的关系。轮椅是导致下腰痛的主要护理动作。结果表明，当护士通过将一条腿放在病人的双腿之间将病人转移到轮椅上时，护士们在转移过程中臀部位置较高，前倾程度最大，此外，还有较高的腰部肌肉负担和主观疲劳。本研究结果证实了体力学应用于预防护士下腰痛的重要性。2为预防护士下腰痛，我们开发了一个“体力学应用自学系统”。我们为护生开发了一个系统，目的是使学员能够“轻松地安装和操作该系统”，并“通过客观评价他们的护理动作来减少动作中的前倾角”。我们开发了一种背心式设备，以提高方便性和通用性，并制作了系统安装和操作手册，以实现一个学习者可以自己安装和操作的系统。此外，我们还增加了语音警告系统，提醒学习者前倾角的增加，并在系统显示屏上显示护理动作的镜头，以便学习者更客观地实时或回放评估其身体力学应用情况；对护生进行的系统评估结果显示，护理动作中的前倾角减小，表明该系统的学习效果。

1 Relationship between the application of body mechanics and burden on the lower back during nursing actionsWe investigated the relationship between the application of body mechanics and the burden on the lower back during nursing actions by focusing on the transfer of patients onto wheelchairs, a nursing action that is a major cause of lower back pain, by nursing students. The results showed that when nurses transferred patients onto wheelchairs by placing one leg between the patient's legs, the technique used by most nurses, the nurses had a high hip position as well as the greatest degree of forward leaning during the "sitting" phase of transfer, in addition to high levels of lumbar muscle burden and subjective fatigue. These findings confirmed the importance of body mechanics application that considers the burden on the lower back.2 Development of a "self-learning system for body mechanics application" for preventing lower back pain among nursesWe developed a system for nursing students with the objectives of enabling the learners themselves to "easily install and operate the system" and "reduce the angle of forward leaning during actions by objectively evaluating their nursing actions".We developed a vest-type equipment for greater convenience and versatility and created a manual for system installation and operation in order to realize a system that the learners themselves could install and operate. Furthermore, we added a voice warning system that warned learners of increases in the angle of forward leaning and showed footage of nursing actions on the system display screen in order to allow learners to more objectively evaluate their application of body mechanics in real-time or on replay.The results of system evaluation conducted for nursing students showed a decrease in the angle of forward leaning during nursing actions, which indicated the learning effects of the system.