Development of a "self-learning system for body mechanics application", a CAI material for preventing lower back pain among nurses

1护理动作中身体力学的应用与下背部负担的关系我们通过关注护理学生将患者转移到轮椅上这一导致下背部疼痛的主要护理动作，来调查护理动作中身体力学的应用与下背部负担的关系。结果表明，当护士通过将一条腿放在患者两腿之间将患者转移到轮椅上时（大多数护士使用的技术），护士在“坐”转移阶段具有较高的髋关节位置以及最大程度的前倾，此外还有高水平的腰肌负担和主观疲劳。这些发现证实了考虑下背部负担的身体力学应用的重要性开发“身体力学应用自学系统”，预防护士腰痛我们为护生开发了一个系统，目标是让学习者自己“轻松安装和操作系统”，“通过客观评估自己的护理动作，减少动作时的前倾角度”。我们开发了一种更方便和多用途的背心式设备，并制作了系统安装和操作手册，以实现学习者自己安装和操作的系统。此外，我们增加了一个语音警告系统，警告学习者前倾角度的增加，并在系统屏幕上显示护理动作的镜头，以便学习者实时或重播地更客观地评估他们对身体力学的应用。对护生进行的系统评估结果显示，护生在护理动作中前倾的角度有所减少，说明系统的学习效果。

1 Relationship between the application of body mechanics and burden on the lower back during nursing actionsWe investigated the relationship between the application of body mechanics and the burden on the lower back during nursing actions by focusing on the transfer of patients onto wheelchairs, a nursing action that is a major cause of lower back pain, by nursing students. The results showed that when nurses transferred patients onto wheelchairs by placing one leg between the patient's legs, the technique used by most nurses, the nurses had a high hip position as well as the greatest degree of forward leaning during the "sitting" phase of transfer, in addition to high levels of lumbar muscle burden and subjective fatigue. These findings confirmed the importance of body mechanics application that considers the burden on the lower back.2 Development of a "self-learning system for body mechanics application" for preventing lower back pain among nursesWe developed a system for nursing students with the objectives of enabling the learners themselves to "easily install and operate the system" and "reduce the angle of forward leaning during actions by objectively evaluating their nursing actions".We developed a vest-type equipment for greater convenience and versatility and created a manual for system installation and operation in order to realize a system that the learners themselves could install and operate. Furthermore, we added a voice warning system that warned learners of increases in the angle of forward leaning and showed footage of nursing actions on the system display screen in order to allow learners to more objectively evaluate their application of body mechanics in real-time or on replay.The results of system evaluation conducted for nursing students showed a decrease in the angle of forward leaning during nursing actions, which indicated the learning effects of the system.