A Study on the change and transformation of the image of the human body at the beginning of the Meiji era in Japan

日本明治初期人体形象变迁研究

• 批准号: 18500763
• 负责人: TSUKISAWA Miyoko
• 金额: $ 1.47万
• 依托单位: Juntendo University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2006 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18500763/
• 关键词: human body; Meiji era; Japan; history of medicine; standardization; history of education

In this project, I investigated the process through which the image of the human body changed in the field of the education; further, I investigated how these images were transformed not only by physicians but also laymen in the beginning of the Meiji era in Japan.In the field of medical education, I clarified the historical process, through which, human anatomical models were imported from France, after which these models were produced in Japan by Japanese artisans with traditional skills, under the guidance of Japanese anatomists. These models played an important role in medical professional training. This practice of using human anatomical models made by Japanese artisans continued in local medical schools till the mid 1880s.In the field of public elementary school education, I traced the process through which the traditional image of the human body gradually changed and transformed into the body images advocated by Western-style medical science..The results of this research were reported at the annual conferences of the Japanese Society of the History of Medicine, which were held in Ooita and Osaka; at the annual conferences of the Japanese Society of Anatomy at Kitazato University; and at the International Historical Conference: 150th Anniversary of the Beginning of Modern Western-style Medical Education in Japan, which was held in Nagasaki. I also discovered the various images of human bodies in elementary school textbooks in the beginning of the Meiji era in Japan. These images originated in the popular culture of the Edo period. In the future, Iintend to further research these points with my new project team.

在这个项目中，我调查了教育领域中人体形象的变化过程;此外，我还调查了在日本明治时代初期，这些图像是如何被医生和外行人所转化的。在医学教育领域，我阐明了从法国引进人体解剖模型的历史过程，之后，这些模型在日本由日本工匠在日本解剖学家的指导下，以传统技能在日本制作。这些模式在医学专业人才培养中发挥了重要作用。这种使用日本工匠制作的人体解剖模型的做法在当地的医学学校一直持续到19世纪80年代中期。在公立小学教育领域，我追踪了传统的人体形象逐渐转变为西式医学所倡导的人体形象的过程。在大分和大坂举行的日本医学史学会年会上、在北里大学举行的日本解剖学会年会上以及在长崎举行的“日本近代西方医学教育开始150周年国际历史会议”上报告了这项研究的结果。我还发现了日本明治初期的小学教科书中各种各样的人体图像。这些图像起源于江户时代的流行文化。在未来，我打算与我的新项目团队进一步研究这些问题。

项目成果

大坂病院の人体模型-高橋正純訳『紙塑人体解剖譜』と大江伊兵衛の木製人体模型

大阪医院人体模型 - 高桥正纯翻译的《纸塑人体解剖学》和大江伊兵卫的木质人体模型

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: Miyoko TSUKISAWA;Wolfgang MICHEL;月澤 美代子;Miyoko TSUKISAWA;月澤 美代子
• 通讯作者: 月澤 美代子

Anatomy Education at the beginning of Meiji and an anatomical model with topographical expressions of anatomy under the fasciae.

明治初期的解剖学教育和筋膜下解剖结构的地形表达的解剖模型。

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Acta Anatomica Nipponica vol. 82
• 作者: 小林龍彦;外;月澤美代子;月澤美代子;Miyoko TSUKISAWA
• 通讯作者: Miyoko TSUKISAWA

The human anatomical model of Osaka Hospital- TAKAHASHI Masazumi tr. "Shiso-Jintai-Kaibou-fu" and wooden human anatomical model made by OOE Ihei.

大阪医院人体解剖模型-TAKAHASHI Masazumi tr.

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Journal of the Japan Society of Medical History vol. 53
• 作者: 小林龍彦;外;月澤美代子;月澤美代子;Miyoko TSUKISAWA;Miyoko TSUKISAWA
• 通讯作者: Miyoko TSUKISAWA

J. T. L. Auzoux's ‘Anatomie Clastique' and Japan

J. T. L. Auzoux 的“Anatomie Clastique”与日本

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: Miyoko TSUKISAWA;Wolfgang MICHEL
• 通讯作者: Wolfgang MICHEL

Invention in the Copy-the Expression of the Parts of the Ligation of the Human Anatomical

复制中的发明——人体解剖结扎部位的表达

• 发表时间: 2006
• 作者: Miyoko TSUKISAWA;Wolfgang MICHEL;月澤 美代子;Miyoko TSUKISAWA;月澤 美代子;月澤美代子;Miyoko TSUKISAWA
• 通讯作者: Miyoko TSUKISAWA