The conversion of the concept of the living human body in the first half 17^<th> century in Europe

欧洲17世纪上半叶人体生命概念的转变

• 批准号: 13680005
• 负责人: TSUKISAWA Miyoko
• 金额: $ 0.64万
• 依托单位: JUNTENDO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13680005/
• 关键词: Anatomy; Physiology; 16^<th> century; 17^<th> century; Basel; Medical Education; Medical History; History of Science; アナトミア; 人体観; フィジオロギア; バーゼル大学; 解剖学史; Bauhin, Gaspard

In the first half of the 17th century, western culture experienced the conceptual drastic change how we understand the living human body. It was often said that, the time when two prominent theoretical works, William Harvey's theory of the circulation of the blood and the mechanical human body model by Renatus Descartes, had be proposed,was the epoch of this change. Not only Harvey but also Descartes had read Gaspard Bauhin's "Theatrum Anatomicum (1 st ed.,1605,2nd ed., 1621)" and were very influenced by it in the process of their theory making.In this study, I have analysed Bauhin' five anatomical texts and Bauhin' medical mentor, T.Zwingeli' physiological text, with special attention to their position in the medical curriculum of Basel University. And in this study, I have focused on the change of the structure and the applicable area of the anatomy and physiology. My main results are;1.From the curriculum table of the '1570' status',which was revised by Theodor Zwingeli, I analyzed the position of the 'physiologia' in the theoretical medicine in Basel university2.I analyzed the construction of the Gaspard Bauhin' five anatomical texts from 1590 to 1621 and Theodor Zwingeli' physiological text which was issued in 1610 by his son, Jacob. From this analysis I have a valuable insight into the historical process in which physiology and anatomy have gradually overlapped in the time of directly preceding to Harvey and Descartes.

17世纪世纪上半叶，西方文化对人体的认识经历了观念上的剧变。人们常说，威廉·哈维的血液循环理论和勒纳图斯·笛卡尔的机械人体模型这两部著名的理论著作提出的时候，就是这种变化的时代。不仅哈维，笛卡尔也读过加斯帕德·鲍因的《解剖学剧场》（第1版，1605年，第二版，本研究分析了鲍安的五部解剖学著作和鲍安的医学导师茨温格利的生理学著作，并特别关注它们在巴塞尔大学医学课程中的地位。在本研究中，我着重探讨了结构的变化和解剖生理学的适用范围。我的主要结果是; 1.从茨温盖利修订的“1570年地位”课程表中，分析了“生理学”在巴塞尔大学理论医学中的地位。2.分析了Gaspard Bauhin 1590 - 1621年的五本解剖学教科书和茨温盖利儿子Jacob于1610年出版的生理学教科书的结构。通过这一分析，我对生理学和解剖学在哈维和笛卡尔之前逐渐重叠的历史过程有了一个有价值的认识。

项目成果

月澤美代子: "ガスパール・ボーアン"Theatrum anatomicum"について(2)-Anatomica corporis virilis et mvliebris historia"(1597)との比較検討"日本医史学雑誌. 47・3. 558-559 (2001)

Miyoko Tsukisawa：“与 Gaspard Bohan 的 Theatrum anatomicum 的比较 (2) - Anatomica corporis virilis et mvliebris historia” (1597)，日本医学史杂志 47・3 (2001)。

月澤 美代子: "カスパール・ボーアン"Theatrum Anatomicum"について(三)-De Corporis Humani Fabrica : Libri IIII(1590)の分析"日本医史学雑誌. 48. 428-429 (2002)

Miyoko Tsukisawa：“论 Caspar Bohan 的解剖剧场 (3) - De Corporis Humani Fabrica：Libri III 的分析 (1590)”《日本医学史杂志》48. 428-429 (2002)。

TSUKISAWA Miyoko: "A Study of Caspar Bauhin's "Theatrum Anatomicum"(3)-A comparative Analysis with "De Corporis Humani Fabrica : Libri IIII"(1590)"NIHON ISHIGAKU ZASSI Journal of Japan Society of Medical History. 48. 428-429 (2002)

月泽美代子：“卡斯帕·鲍欣的《解剖剧场》的研究（3）-与《De Corporis Humani Fabrica：Libri IIII》（1590）的比较分析”《NIHON ISHIGAKU ZASSI Journal of Japan Society of Medical History》。