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Influence of Exporting Japanese Recyclable Resources to Asia on Constructing the Recycling・based Society of Japan

日本可再生资源向亚洲出口对日本循环型社会建设的影响

基本信息

批准号：
18510037
负责人：
YOSHINO Toshiyuki
金额：
$ 1.73万
依托单位：
University of Human Environments
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2006 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In recent years, a large number of Japanese recyclable resources have been exported to Asian countries, and that has bad effects on constructing the recycling-based society of Japan, and that causes severe pollutions in Asian countries. So, this research investigates of actual conditions of that exporting and effects on domestic industry especially the extended producer responsibility on used PET bottles, used electric household appliances and used personal computers, and makes political proposals for a desirable way of balance of national recycle and international recycle.(1) As a result of the market analysis of the waste PET-bottle, the market forms the partially valuable market, and the system of the market price that is supported by the local finance promotes exports. Lifting the specific enterpriser's obligation to recycle that will cause to promote more exports to Asia and to decline the domestic recycling business. The amendment of the Low in 2006 will have some effect that increase to deliver the waste from municipalities to the designated corporation. A radical measure to dissolve the municipality's independent treatment is to lay the balance of subtracting the bidding price from the exportation price on the specific enterpriser's commission charge for recycling.(2) This research proposes the Extended Exporter Responsibility (EER) to solve that problem. The system of EER is that the Government levies the waste products export surcharge on a used electric household appliance exporting to Asia, and gives that surcharge back to Asian countries. We have verified mathematically that EER can internalize the external cost and can achieve the optimum distribution of the social cost and the maximum economic welfare between national recycle and international recycle.

近年来，日本大量的可回收资源出口到亚洲国家，这对日本建设循环型社会产生了不良影响，也给亚洲国家造成了严重的污染。因此，本研究调查了我国废旧PET瓶、废旧家电、废旧个人电脑出口的实际情况和对国内产业的影响，特别是对废旧PET瓶、废旧PET家电、废旧PET电脑生产商责任的扩大，并提出了国内回收与国际回收平衡的政治建议。(1)通过对废旧pet瓶的市场分析，形成了部分有价市场，地方财政支持的市场价格体系促进了出口。取消特定企业的回收义务将促进对亚洲的更多出口，并减少国内的回收业务。2006年的《废物管理法》修订案将会对将废物从市政当局转移到指定公司产生一定的影响。消解市政府自主处理的一项激进措施，是将出口价格减去招标价格的差额，用在具体企业的回收手续费上。(2)本文提出了扩展出口商责任（EER）来解决这一问题。出口废物制度是政府对出口到亚洲的旧电器征收废物出口附加费，并将附加费退还给亚洲国家。从数学上验证了EER能够内部化外部成本，实现国内回收与国际回收之间社会成本的最优分配和经济福利的最大化。