Research on Social Transformation Processes in the Middle Eastern Cities: Focusing on Quantitative Analysis of Family and Population

这项研究的目的是，通过使用历史人口学方法，为研究中东城市，特别是叙利亚城市从世纪后半叶到20世纪前半叶的社会转型进程奠定基础。共收集到大马士革市1934年的婚姻契约资料1332份。通过对上述数据的基本分析，得出了以下结果：平均每月结婚人数为111人，其中5月份和9 - 11月份结婚人数较多（从140人增加到160人）。就大马士革而言，男子的平均年龄为29.4岁，妇女为20.6岁（初婚妇女为17.2岁）。1934年的再婚率（29.8%） ...更多信息 从1902年到1908年（14.2%）有了很大的增长。这可能是由于世纪末大马士革穆斯林人口的性别比例显著下降，或者是由于西印度群岛战争和叙利亚大起义（1925-1927）的破坏。1934年大马士革人的婚姻范围可能比1910年代更窄，这是本研究的一个重大“发现”，来自对职业数据的分析。虽然还没有充分的分析，但我们认为职业是配偶选择的一个重要决策因素。父亲对配偶双方的存活率，通过计算父亲职业中记录的“死亡”，表明当时的预期寿命很短。在30岁至34岁的男性和女性中，超过一半的人已经失去了父亲。尤其是30岁以后的女性，其发病率急剧下降。此外，我们还收集了1881年至1931年期间有关婚姻的法律法规，并将这些法律法规（奥斯曼土耳其语、阿拉伯语或法语）翻译成日语。少

The purpose of this research was to establish a basis, by using a historical demographic approach, for the study of social transformation processes in the Middle Eastern cities, particularly in Syrian cities from the latter half of the nineteenth century to the first half of the twentieth century In both summers of 2006 and 2007, surveys were carried out in Syria, and total 1332 data of marriage contracts of Damascus city in 1934 had been collected. 30 items from each contract were selected, abstracted and input In addition, data check and cleaning had been also finished.Through basic analysis of the above mentioned data, the following results have been achieved, the average number of marriages per month was 111, much more contracts were concluded in May and September-November (from 140 to 160). As far as Damascus was concerned, the mean age for men was 29.4, while for women 20.6 (for the first married women 17.2). These are reasonably to be expected.The remarriage rate in 1934 (29.8%) … More shows a considerable increase from that between 1902 and 1908 (14.2%). It might be due to a marked decline in the sex ratio of the Muslim population in Damascus in the late nineteenth century, or war damages of W WI and the Great Syrian Revolt (1925-1927). Contrary to our expectation, the range of marriage of Damascenes in 1934 had become possibly narrower than 1910s.One of the great 'discoveries' of this research was earned by the analysis of occupation data. Althoughnot yet sufficiently analyzed, we suppose that occupation was an important decision-making factor of spouse selection. Father's survival rate for both spouses, by counting 'dead' recorded in father's occupation, shows short life expectancy at that time. More than half of both men and women between ages 30 and 34 had already lost their fathers by death. Particularly for women after age thirty its rate sharply declines. We suppose that the fact is much important for women's nuptiality trends.In addition, we collected laws and regulations relating to marriage between 1881 and 1931, and translated them (written in Ottoman Turkish, Arabic or French) into Japanese. Less