An Empirical Analysis of Panel data of Agglomeration Economies in the Japanese Manufacturing Industries

我们在埃里森和格莱泽（1997）的基础上，利用工厂级4位数子分类、面板数据集和新的集聚指数，考察了1980年至2000年日本制造业生产中集聚经济的存在。这是对传统指标如区位商或区位基尼系数的改进。当我们运用Kim（1992）提出的柔性超对数生产函数和成本分担方程时，我们发现在不限制同质性的情况下，基于就业的集聚（γ_<EG>^V）和基于增值的集聚（γ_<EG>^V）存在约1.5%的正向集聚效应。另一方面，我们利用城市级2位子分类面板数据、面板数据集、Henderson（2003）的集聚指数和Ellison and Glaeser（1997）的共同集聚指数，考察1985 - 2000年日本工业中集聚和共集聚效应对生产的存在。利用基于Nakamura和Eshima（2004）的Cobb-Douglas生产函数，我们发现日本产业存在正的集聚效应和共集聚效应。

we examine the existence of agglomeration economies on production in the Japanese manufacturing industries from 1980 to 2000 using plant-level 4-digit sub classification, panel dataset and new agglomeration index in Tokunaga and Akune (2005), and Tokunaga, Kageyama, and Akune (2005), based on Ellison and Glaeser (1997). This is an improvement on the conventional indices such as Location Quotient or Location Gini Coefficient. When we apply a flexible translog production function and cost share equation as suggested by Kim (1992), we find that around 1.5% of positive agglomeration effect exists in absence of any restriction on homotheticity in the case of employment based agglomeration (γ_<EG>) and the case of value added based agglomeration (γ_<EG>^V). On the other hand, we examine the existence of agglomeration and co-agglomeration effect on production in the Japanese industry from 1985 to 2000 using panel data of city-level 2-digit sub classification, panel dataset, agglomeration index in Henderson (2003), and co-agglomeration index in Ellison and Glaeser (1997). Using the Cobb-Douglas production function based on Nakamura and Eshima (2004), we found that a positive agglomeration and co-agglomeration effect and scale economies in the Japanese industry.