Business Creation and Academic Entrepreneurship : Cognition, Role and Career Development of University Researchers

创业与学术创业:大学研究人员的认知、角色与职业发展

• 批准号: 18530279
• 负责人: MATSUOKA Kumi
• 金额: $ 2.57万
• 依托单位: Kagawa University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2006 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18530279/
• 关键词: academic entrepreneurship; academic spin-off; researcher; legitimization; partnership; 正統化の射程; アカデミック・アントプレナー

We examine the entrepreneurial activity of university researchers from the viewpoint of behavioral characteristics, venture strategy, and management issues specific to the academic spin-offs. We conduct five case studies of academic spin-off firms in bio-technology industry, focusing on the chief scientist/faculty, CEO/external entrepreneur and their relationships. We also survey managers and university researchers involved in the academic spin-offs.Our findings and explanations are as follows :-Academic entrepreneurs generally like innovation, but they tend to be slightly risk averse as to managerial decisions. When business environments are changing, the distinction between the role of a manager and that of a researcher are often blurred. For example, we can sometimes observe an over commitment to business activities by researchers. The wide and strong commitment to the company would not always lead to overall business success.-Academic spin-offs use their universities' reputation as a legitimatization strategy for building trust with the market, investors, and consumers. Universities use academic spin-offs as evidence of their active university-industry linkage and usefulness of their research output. On the other hand, using each other to legitimize their activities sometimes locks their strategic options. We propose the notion of "the range of legitimization" to clarify the bilateral relationship.This study contributes to the nascent literature dealing with the paradoxical nature of academic entrepreneurship. It also sheds light on the management of legitimacy of ventures and on innovation management.

我们从行为特征，风险策略和管理特定的学术衍生产品的问题的角度研究了大学研究人员的企业家活动。我们对生物技术行业的学术衍生公司进行了五项案例研究，重点是首席科学家/教职员工，首席执行官/外部企业家及其关系。我们还调查了参与学术衍生产品的经理和大学研究人员。我们的发现和解释如下： - 学术企业家通常喜欢创新，但对于管理决策而言，他们往往略有风险。当业务环境发生变化时，经理和研究人员的角色之间的区别通常会变得模糊。例如，我们有时可以观察研究人员对业务活动的过度承诺。对公司的广泛和坚定的承诺并不总是会带来整体业务成功。学术上的衍生产品将其大学的声誉用作合法化策略来建立对市场，投资者和消费者的信任。大学使用学术衍生产品作为其活跃的大学行业联系的证据及其研究成果的实用性。另一方面，彼此彼此合法化的活动有时会锁定其战略选择。我们提出了“合法化范围”的概念，以阐明双边关系。这项研究有助于涉及学术企业家精神的悖论性质的新生文学。它还阐明了对合法性和创新管理的合法性的管理。

项目成果

Academic Entrepreneur and Regional Business Creation : comparative case studies of career, role and intention of university researchers (in Japanese)

学术企业家和区域商业创造：大学研究人员的职业、角色和意图的比较案例研究（日语）

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Discussion Paper Series 7-8
• 作者: Jin-ichiro Yamada;Kumi Matsuoka
• 通讯作者: Kumi Matsuoka

アカデミック・スピンオフの正統化のパラドックス-大学・ベンチャーのパートナーシップと大学研究者の役割-

学术衍生品合法化的悖论——大学与企业的伙伴关系和大学研究人员的作用——

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: 松岡久美;山田仁一郎
• 通讯作者: 山田仁一郎

The Taxonomy of Roles of Academic Entrepreneurship

学术创业的角色分类

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: Kumi Matsuoka;Jin-ichiro Yamada
• 通讯作者: Jin-ichiro Yamada

University-Industry cooperation and Academic Entrepreneurship (in "The Social Networks and Governance in Industrial Clusters" by Naoki Wakabayashi et. al.) (in Japanese)

产学合作与学术创业（摘自若林直树等人的《产业集群中的社会网络与治理》）（日语）

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: The Annual of the Society of Economic Sociology 28
• 作者: Kumi Matsuoka;Jin-ichiro Yamada
• 通讯作者: Jin-ichiro Yamada

Regional Entrepreneurship and the Academic Spin-Off. The Range of Legitimatization Strategy in Japanese University

区域创业和学术衍生。

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Working Paper, Institute of Economic Research, Kagawa University 124
• 作者: Jin-ichiro Yamada;Kumi Matsuoka;山田 仁一郎・松岡 久美;Jin-ichiro Yamada and Kumi Matsuoka
• 通讯作者: Jin-ichiro Yamada and Kumi Matsuoka