Effects of time dimensional prospective and emotionality in memory

情绪智力(EI)被认为是一种情绪加工能力。本研究编制了日本版情绪技能与能力问卷(J-ESCQ)、初中生J-ESCQ和高中生J-ESCQ。用J-ESCQ评定EI水平。独特性和自尊作为适应的诱因决定了个体的孤独和自尊。当参与者被要求只对特定的过去事件进行评分时，EI低的参与者回忆起与愉快和不愉快事件相关的目标比回忆与中性事件相关的目标更多，但EI高的参与者回忆起三种目标类型的情况相同。然而，在要求参与者对过去和未来事件进行评分的情况下，对于与未来事件相关的目标，只有高EI值的参与者回忆起更多与愉快和不愉快事件相关的目标：EI值低的参与者回忆起三种目标类型的情况是一样的。这些结果被解释为表明，在过去和未来的情节中，EI水平决定了与情绪相关的目标的加工，作为提取线索。上述结果表明了情绪编码的重要性，因此提出了一种新的精加工类型--情绪精加工。在某些情况下，情感精加工比语义精加工在附带回忆中更有效。

Emotional Intelligence (EI) was regarded as a ability to process the emotion. The present study developed the Japanese version of Emotional Skills & Competence Questionnaire ; J-ESCQ), J-ESCQ for Junior high school and J-ESCQ for Senior high school students. The level of EI was assessed by J-ESCQ. EI determined the levels of loneliness and self-esteem as induce of adaptation. When the participants were asked to rate about a particular past episodes only, participants with a low EI recalled more of the targets associated with pleasant and unpleasant episodes than targets associated with neutral episodes, but those with a high EI recalled the three target types equally. However, in the situation that participants were asked to rate about both past and future episodes, for the targets related to future episodes, only participants with a high EI recalled more targets associated with pleasant and unpleasant episodes : participants with a low EI recalled the three target types equally. These results were interpreted as showing that the level of EI determined processing of targets associated with emotion in both type of episodes, past and future episodes, as retrieval cues. The above results indicated the importance of emotional encoding, so new type of elaboration, emotional elaboration was proposed. In some situation, emotional elaboration was more effective than the semantic elaboration in incidental recall.