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A research of self-choice elaboration effects on memory

自我选择阐述对记忆影响的研究

基本信息

批准号：
10610117
负责人：
TOYOTA Hiroshi
金额：
$ 1.02万
依托单位：
Nara University of Education
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of the present study was to examine the self-choice elaboration (SG) effects on incidental memory in comparison with self-generated elaboration (SG) and experimenter-provided elaboration (EP). In SC condition, subjects were asked to select one of the alternatives of information relating to the target In SG condition, subjects were asked to generate the information relating to the target In EP condition, subjects were asked to rate the relatedness of information provided by experimenter to the target.Exp. 1, 2 and 3 indicated that targets in SC and SG conditions were recalled more often than those in EP condition. These results were interpreted as showing that the self-choice elaboration as well as the self-generated elaboration had same effects on incidental memory. Exp. 4, 5, 6 and 7 showed that targets presented with two associates of it as alternatives were most recalled in tree recall test These results were interpreted as showing that the effectiveness of self-choice elaboration were determined by the quality of relation among each target and its alternatives. Exp. 8, 9 10 and 11 indicated that the self-choice elaboration effect the superiority of SC to EP, was observed in bizarre sentences, but the effect was not in common sentence, and that the self-choice elaboration eflects were observed in low-image sentence frame, but not in high-image sentences. These results were interpreted as showing that type of sentence frame (bizarre vs. common) and image of sentence frame (high vs. low) determined the effectiveness of self-choice elaboration. Exp. 12, 13, 14 and 15 indicated that the grade of subjects or knowledge base determined the effectiveness of the self-choice elaboration. Finally, the present study clarified that the new elaboration, namely self-choice elaboration, was effective and the effectiveness of the self-choice elaboration were determined by various factors.

本研究的目的是考察自我选择精加工(SG)对附带记忆的影响，并与自我生成精化(SG)和实验者提供的精化(EP)进行比较。在SC条件下，被试被要求在SG条件下选择与目标相关的信息选项之一，在EP条件下被要求产生与目标相关的信息，被试被要求评价实验者提供的信息与目标的关联性。1、2和3表明，SC和SG条件下的目标回忆比EP条件下的更频繁。这些结果被解释为表明自我选择的精加工和自我产生的精加工对附带记忆有相同的影响。实验4、5、6和7的结果表明，在树回忆测验中，以两个目标为备选的目标被回忆得最多。这些结果被解释为自我选择精化的有效性取决于每个目标与其备选之间的关系的质量。实验8、9、10和11表明，在怪诞句中观察到SC优于EP的自我选择阐述效应，而在普通句中没有观察到这种效应；在低意象句中观察到自我选择阐述效应，而在高意象句中没有观察到自我选择阐述效应。这些结果被解释为，句子框架的类型(奇怪与普通)和句子框架的形象(高与低)决定了自我选择精加工的有效性。实验12、13、14和15表明，学科或知识基础的年级决定了自我选择阐述的有效性。最后，本研究阐明了新的精加工，即自我选择精化是有效的，并且自我选择精化的有效性是由各种因素决定的。