Determination of fundamental physical constants of antiproton by high-precision calculation of antiprotonic helium atoms

用激光光谱法高精度地测量了反质子氦原子的能级跃迁频率。在本研究中，我们精确地计算了反质子的能级，以确定反质子的基本物理常数。我们改进了高斯展开法，并将其应用于其他奇异原子/分子体系。我们证实了该方法的高精度，发现了奇异系统的奇异现象，为了提高计算精度，我们重新考虑了试函数中的径向参数。我们计算了氢分子共振态的高激发态。我们比较的共振能量和宽度的精确值，这是直接通过数值计算的Schodinger方程。我们确认，复高斯基函数适合于再现具有许多节点的核内运动。我们的结论是，我们的计算精度可能会提高一个数量级。我们计算的反质子氦原子的能级和跃迁频率，预计将确定的物理常数（反质子质量，磁矩）通过比较即将到来的实验数据。我们将高斯展开方法应用于以负电荷重粒子作为反质子的Stau粒子（Tau粒子的超对称伙伴）和以电子的反粒子作为正电子的奇异系统，高精度地计算了这些系统的束缚态和共振态.我们表明，斯陶粒子在早期宇宙（大爆炸后三分钟）的核合成中起着重要的作用。我们还展示了原子与正电子之间独特的结合机制。

Transition frequencies between energy levels of antiprotonic helium atoms have been high-precisely measured by laser spectroscopy. In this study, we accurately calculate the energy levels, in order to determine fundamental physical constants about an antiproton. We improve the Gaussian expansion method which had been developed by us, and apply the method to other exotic atom/molecule systems. We confirm the high-accuracy of the method and find extraordinary phenomena of the exotic systems.In order to improve the accuracy of the calculation, we reconsider the radial parameter in the trial functions. We calculate highly excited states of hydrogen molecular resonant states. We compare the resonance energies and widths with exact values which are directly obtained by numerical calculation of the Schodinger equation. We confirm that the complex Gaussian basis functions are suited to reproduce the intranuclear motion having many nodes. We conclude that the accuracy of our calculation may be improved by one order of magnitude. We calculate the energy levels of antiprotonic helium atoms and transition frequencies which are expected to determine the physical constants (antiproton mass, magnetic moment) by comparing the forthcoming experimental data. We apply the Gaussian expansion method to other exotic systems with a stau particle (supersymmetry partner of a tau particle) which is a negatively charged heavy-particle as the antiproton and a positron which is an antiparticle of an electron. We high-precisely calculate bound and resonance states of those systems. We show that the stau particle plays an important role in nucleosynthesis in the early universe (three minutes after the big bang). We also show the unique binding mechanism between an atom and positron.