Determination of fundamental physical constants of antiproton by high-precision calculation of antiprotonic helium atoms

用激光光谱学高精度测量了反质子氦原子能级间的跃迁频率。在本研究中，我们精确地计算了反质子的能级，以确定反质子的基本物理常数。我们对已有的高斯展开方法进行了改进，并将该方法应用于其他奇异原子/分子体系。我们证实了该方法的高精度，发现了奇异系统的异常现象。为了提高计算的精度，我们重新考虑了试函数中的径向参数。我们计算了氢分子共振态的高激发态。我们将共振能量和共振宽度与直接通过数值计算肖丁格方程得到的精确值进行了比较。我们证实了复高斯基函数适合于再现具有多个节点的核内运动。我们的结论是，我们的计算精度可以提高一个数量级。我们计算了反质子氦原子的能级和跃迁频率，这有望通过比较即将到来的实验数据来确定物理常数(反质子质量、磁矩)。我们将高斯展开方法应用于其他奇异系统，其中Stau粒子(tau粒子的超对称配对)是带负电的重粒子作为反质子，正电子是电子的反粒子。我们高精度地计算了这些系统的束缚态和共振态。我们证明了STAU粒子在早期宇宙(大爆炸后三分钟)的核合成中扮演着重要的角色。我们还展示了原子与正电子之间独特的结合机制。

Transition frequencies between energy levels of antiprotonic helium atoms have been high-precisely measured by laser spectroscopy. In this study, we accurately calculate the energy levels, in order to determine fundamental physical constants about an antiproton. We improve the Gaussian expansion method which had been developed by us, and apply the method to other exotic atom/molecule systems. We confirm the high-accuracy of the method and find extraordinary phenomena of the exotic systems.In order to improve the accuracy of the calculation, we reconsider the radial parameter in the trial functions. We calculate highly excited states of hydrogen molecular resonant states. We compare the resonance energies and widths with exact values which are directly obtained by numerical calculation of the Schodinger equation. We confirm that the complex Gaussian basis functions are suited to reproduce the intranuclear motion having many nodes. We conclude that the accuracy of our calculation may be improved by one order of magnitude. We calculate the energy levels of antiprotonic helium atoms and transition frequencies which are expected to determine the physical constants (antiproton mass, magnetic moment) by comparing the forthcoming experimental data. We apply the Gaussian expansion method to other exotic systems with a stau particle (supersymmetry partner of a tau particle) which is a negatively charged heavy-particle as the antiproton and a positron which is an antiparticle of an electron. We high-precisely calculate bound and resonance states of those systems. We show that the stau particle plays an important role in nucleosynthesis in the early universe (three minutes after the big bang). We also show the unique binding mechanism between an atom and positron.