Functional study of kuruma shrimp immune-related genes

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In this study, we elucidated and characterized the function of these genes in vivo using dsRNA interference. Transglutaminase (Tgase) and clotting protein (CP) are critical molecules involved in the blood coagulation cascade of shrimp. We demonstrate in vivo the functional involvement of transglutaminase and clotting protein in the shrimp blood coagulation system using double stranded RNA interference (dsRNAi) and their influence in the mRNA expression of antimicrobial peptides and genes involved in the prophenoloxidase system. Expression of Tgase mRNA was inhibited in gills, heart, hemocyte, hepatopancreas, intestine and lymphoid organ while the CP gene was suppressed only in gills and heart tissues on day-1 post injection with 1 μg and 10 μg of Tgase- and CP-dsRNA, respectively. However, at day-7 post injection, systemic gene silencing was observed for both genes and dosages as shown by mRNA expression, blood coagulation and protein data. Challenge test with white spot virus and Vibr … More io penaecida revealed the critical function of Tgase and CP in the immune system of shrimp. Suppression of antimicrobial peptides (crustine and lysozyme) and genes involved in the prophenoloxidase system (prophenoloxidase and 〓-2 macroglobulin) following Tgase and CP silencing demonstrate an association between blood coagulation and humoral biodefenses in shrimp. This finding suggests a possible alternative mechanism on the activation of antimicrobial peptides and genes involved in the prophenoloxidase system in chelicerates and crustaceans. In summary, this study 1)provided evidence on the association of blood coagulation and anti-microbial peptides and genes involved in the prophenoloxidase system and thus, presents an alternative mechanism on the activation of these molecules 2) gene silencing potency results will serve as a precaution on the application of dsRNA interference in the control and management of shrimp diseases and pathogens. This study contributed to the better understanding of the basic biology of the shrimp immune system. Less