Change of biodiversity by restoration practices in the terraced paddy fields which were not managed for many years

近年来，日本传统乡村景观中山（Satoyama）受到了人们的广泛关注，因为它除了具有许多重要作用外，还是日本生物多样性保护的关键。退耕30年稻田恢复对稻田水稻节肢动物生物多样性的影响稻田逐年逐步恢复，2004 - 2007年监测了生物多样性的变化。2004年、2005年和2006年分别在稻田采集到4993只（17目）和2508只（13目）、2171只（12目）。在研究过程中，样品中蜘蛛等捕食者的比例明显增加。2004年和2006年在日本金泽大学卡库马校区的“中山地区”，分别采用陷阱法和窗诱法研究了地上节肢动物和地上节肢动物群落的生境异质性和恢复活动。每月从九个地点采集样本，包括森林地区和稻田正在恢复的山谷地区。对两种采样方法获得的样本进行DCA排序的目级分析，揭示了不同生境类型间节肢动物目组成的明显分离，并证实了稻田恢复过程中节肢动物区系组成的变化。

Recently, Satoyama, the traditional rural landscape of Japan, has been paid much attention, because, beside many important roles, it is a key to biodiversity conservation in Japan. Effects of restoration of paddy fields, which had been abandoned for 30 years, on the biodiversity of arthropods associated with the rice plants in the paddies. The paddies were restored gradually year by year, and the change of the biodiversity was monitored from 2004 to 2007. A total of 4993 individuals (17 orders) and 2508 (13 orders), 2171 (12 orders) were collected from the paddies in 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively. Proportion of the predators such as spiders in the samples increased clearly during the study.Habitat heterogeneity and restoration activities on abundance and diversity of ground arthropods and above-ground arthropod assemblages were studied using pitfall traps and window traps, respectively, in the "satoyama area" within Kanazawa University's Kakuma Campus, Kanazawa, Japan from 2004 and 2006. Monthly samples were taken from nine sites, including forested areas and valley areas with paddies under restoration. For the samples obtained by the two sampling methods, an order level analysis with DCA ordination revealed a clear separation of arthropod order compositions among different habitat types and the changes in the faunal composition over the restoration of the paddies were confirmed.