Etiological mechanism of lifestyle-related diseases caused by disordered daily rhythms

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Expression of the gene for sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1), a transcription factor pivotal in lipid biosynthesis, achieved a peak in the dark feeding period of the daily light/dark cycle in the liver of mice fed with a standard diet, and a peak in the light fasting period with high-carbohydrate, high-fat, and high-protein diets, underlining the importance of nutrients in shaping the daily rhythm. Expression of genes for the ornithine cycle, an enzyme system for ammonia detoxification, achieved a peak in the feeding period with a high-protein diet, and a peak in the late fasting to early feeding periods with a low-protein (high-carbohydrate) diet, suggesting activation of the expression both in the feeding and fasting periods because of requirement for detoxifying ammonia derived form amino acid degradation.