Gene regulation by amino acids

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In the liver of nocturnal mice fed on the standard diet, the gluconeogenic pathway, which synthesizes glucose from amino acids, is activated during the resting-fasting phase i.e. the light period. Here, we showed that in the liver of mice fed on high protein diets, compared to the standard diet, mRNA levels of gluconeogenic enzymes were increased during the acting-feeding phase i.e. the dark period. While corticosterone levels in the plasma showed no apparent change, glucagon increased prominently during the feeding phase of high protein diets, and was regarded as a candidate for the humoral factor that mediates the activation of gluconeogenic enzyme genes in response to dietary amino acids.