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Investigation and technical application on genetic resources of beef cattle available for the standard in Northern-east Asia

东北亚地区标准肉牛遗传资源调查及技术应用

基本信息

批准号：
18405033
负责人：
YAMAGUCHI Takahiro
金额：
$ 9.77万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2006 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18405033/
关键词：
Genetic resources of beef cattle Northern-east Asia Korean Native Cattle (Hanwoo)Chinese Yellow Cattle Japanese Shorthorn Cattle Beef cattle for next generation Environmental loading reduction Lean beef production 赤肉増産次世代型肉用牛

项目摘要

The purpose of the present study is to 1) investigate the lean beef production, forage utilization, cold region adaptability, and feeding and management for the existent breed of beef and dual-purpose cattle in China, South Korea, France, Switzerland and our country, to 2) select the excellent candidates utilizable as standard cattle in the northeastern area of Asia and to 3) form the academic basis on the exploitation of germplasm stock of the expected beef cattle in the area and the sustainable increasing beef production. In the study duration for 2 years, the academic investigation was carried out on Hanwoo (Korean Native Cattle), 41 kinds of Chinese Yellow Cattle and 3 kinds of the improved crosses, Steppe Red, Xinjiang brown and Shanhe cattle in China, Belgian Blue, Salers, Limousine, Charolais and Blonde d'Aquitaine in France, Swiss Brown in Switzerland and Japanese shorthorn cattle in Japan. The results were summarized as follows.1) Hanwoo was improved and selected on the basis … More of marbling score as the principal marker. The breed was smaller size and the carcass yield was about 60%. From the results, Hanwoo was not expected as a candidate as standard cattle in the northeastern area of Asia.2) In China, Chinese Yellow Cattle are dual-purpose cattle, smaller size and less carcass yield although some cattle such as Qinchuan, Nanyang and Yanbian are excellent for forage utilization, cold region adaptability, and feeding and management. Steppe Red was improved in northern China and was good shape for lean beef production although the breed is still dual-purpose cattle. Therefore, Steppe Red was selected as an expected candidate of standard cattle in the northeastern area of Asia.3) Belgian Blue, Limousine, Charolais and Blonde d'Aquitaine in France are large sized beef cattle and have excellent carcass yield. However, the anxiety for less environmental loading and environmental adaptability in the northeastern Asia still remains on their breeds. On the other hand, Salers is excellent for lean beef production, forage utilization and grazing elasticity although the breed is dual-purpose cattle. From the results, Salers was selected as an expected candidate of standard cattle in the northeastern area of Asia.4) It has been recognized in our previous study that Japanese shorthorn cattle is expected as a candidate of standard cattle in northeastern Asia. In the present investigation, the lean beef production and forage utilization was confirmed to well exercise during the anniversary grazing.To develop the standard cattle in the northeastern area of Asia from the entire results, it is need to improve the crossbred between Japanese shorthorn cattle and Steppe Red, and the crossbred between Japanese shorthorn cattle and Salers and tobreed their improved crossbred each other. Less

本研究的目的是：1）对中国、韩国、法国、瑞士和我国现有肉牛、兼用牛品种的瘦肉生产、饲料利用、寒地适应性、饲养管理等方面进行调查，2）选择在亚洲东北部地区可用作标准牛的优秀候选牛;为该地区肉牛后备种质资源的开发和肉牛生产的可持续增长提供理论依据。在为期2年的研究中，对韩国本地牛（Hanwoo）、41个中国黄牛品种和3个改良杂交种（中国草原红牛、新疆褐牛和山河牛，法国比利时蓝牛、萨勒斯牛、利木赞牛、夏洛来牛和阿基坦金发牛，瑞士褐牛和日本短角牛）进行了学术调查。主要研究结果如下：1）在原有的基础上，对汉宇进行了改进和选择 ...更多信息大理石花纹作为主要标志。该品种体型较小，胴体率在60%左右。2）中国黄牛是一种两用牛，体型较小，胴体产量较低，但秦川、南阳、延边等牛在饲草利用、寒地适应性、饲养管理等方面表现较好。草原红牛是在中国北方改良的，尽管该品种仍是两用牛，但其体型良好，适合瘦肉型肉牛生产。3）法国的比利时蓝牛、利木赞牛、夏洛来牛和阿基坦金发牛是体型较大的肉牛，胴体产量较高。然而，对东北亚地区环境负荷和环境适应性的担忧仍然存在于它们的品种上。另一方面，尽管该品种是两用牛，但萨勒斯在瘦肉产量、饲料利用率和放牧弹性方面都很出色。4）日本短角牛有望成为东北亚地区的标准牛。本研究证实，周年放牧期间，东北地区肉牛的瘦肉产量和饲料利用率都很好，从整体上看，东北地区肉牛标准化的发展需要对日本短角牛与草原红杂交牛、日本短角牛与塞勒斯杂交牛进行改良，并进行改良杂交。少