Analysis of the protein markers and genetic markers to establish an early diagnostic systems for the oral cancer

1. 口腔鳞状细胞癌（oral squamous cell carcinoma， OSCC）组织中生物标志物鉴定的蛋白质组学分析：取8例Tsurumi大学附属医院患者的OSCC肿瘤组织作为手术冷冻标本，采用激光捕获显微解剖法获得同一个体的肿瘤组织和正常上皮组织。通过SELDI TOF-MS系统对提取的蛋白质进行差异蛋白质组分析，检测到明显增加或减少的峰型。这一结果提示这些峰可以作为OSCC.2的候选生物标志物。OSCC的危险诊断标记（遗传标记）的搜索：该肿瘤是一种遗传异常，是否为癌变体质被认为有遗传因素在很大程度上控制着它。因此，个体化癌症风险诊断是实现个体化癌症预防的必要手段。我们通过全基因组筛选SNPs的病例对照研究来搜索风险标记基因。收集和纯化DNA，用微珠阵列系统检测snp。对117例患者与153例对照者5984个snp分布率的差异进行卡方检验，2、6、7、8、10、11、12、16、19号染色体的9snp均p<0.0001, 15snp均p<0.01, 327snp均p<0.05。接下来，我们使用EM算法进行单倍型分析，结果显示1353个snp参与了单倍型块的形成，病例与对照组的卡方检验结果显示，24个块的p值小于0.00001，但这些块分散在染色体上。从1和2的结果可以看出，有多个候选的蛋白质和遗传标记，并认为它们的组合可能有重要的诊断标记。

1. Proteomic analysis for identification of the biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissues:The tumor tissues of OSCC were collected as operation frozen-specimens from eight patients in the hospital attached to Tsurumi University, and the tumor and normal epithelial tissue of the same individuals were gained by the Laser Captured Microdissection method. The extracted proteins were analyzed by SELDI TOF-MS systems as differential proteome analysis, and the significantly increased or decreased peak patterns were detected. This result suggested these peaks should be the candidates for the biomarkers of OSCC.2. A search of risk diagnosis markers (genetic markers) of OSCC:The cancer is genetic abnormality, and it is thought that a hereditary factor controls it greatly whether it is cancer constitution. Therefore, an individual cancer risk diagnosis is necessary to realize the personal cancer prevention. We have searched the risk-marker genes by a case-control study of genome wide screening of the SNPs. The DNA was collected and purified, and the SNPs were detected by a micro-beads array systems. When the Chi-squared test was carried out on the difference of the distribution rate of 5984 SNPs between the 117 cases and 153 controls, 9SNPs of chromosome number 2,6,7,8,10,11,12,16,19 were shown as p<0.0001, 15SNPs were p<0.01, and 327SNPs were p<0.05. Next, we carried out the haplotyping using the EM algorism, it was shown that the 1353 SNPs participated in the haplotype-block formation, and the result of Chi-squared test between cases and controls showed the p-values of 24 blocks were less than 0.00001, but those were scattered on chromosomes.From the results of 1 and 2, it was shown that there are plural candidates of protein and genetic markers, and it was thought the combination of them might make significant as diagnostic markers.