Effects of chemotherapy and angiogenesis inhibitor on invasion and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma

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Using an orthotopic implantation model in which the invasion and metastasis of oral cancer can be reproduced, we investigated the inhibitory effects of anticancer agents on invasion and metastasis. A highly invasive and metastatic human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line, OSC-19, was implanted into the oral floor of nude mice, and cisplatin or peplomycin was administered to the mice 7 or 14 days after the implantation. The effects of each anticancer drug and different administration timings on cancer invasion and metastasis were investigated. Tumor size and the ratio of proliferating cell nuclear antigen positive cells were significantly reduced. In the control group, the tumors showed grade 4C of mode of invasion, while in the groups treated with anticancer drugs, grade 3 was observed in 77.3% of the mice, with an inhibitory effect on tumor invasion being observed. The rate of metastasis in the cervical lymph node was significantly decreased in the groups treated with the cisplatin or peplomycin on day 7 after the implantation. The tumor stage progression in the metastatic lymph nodes was also inhibited. Chemotherapy is effective not only for tumor diminution, but also for inhibiting invasion and metastasis. The use of anticancer drugs considering these effects may be clinically very useful.