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GENETIC POLLUTION AND DISTURBANCE OF SYMBIOTIC SYSTEM OF THE FRESHWATER SHRIMP, NEOCARIDINA DENTICULATA DENTUCULATA, BY THE INVASION OF CLOSELY RELATED ALIEN SPECIES

近缘外来物种入侵对淡水虾新虾共生系统的遗传污染和干扰

基本信息

批准号：
19310150
负责人：
NISHINO Machiko
金额：
$ 12.06万
依托单位：
Lake Biwa Environmental Research Institute
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2007 至 2009
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Recent invasion of taxonomically unsettled atyid shrimp Neocaridina spp. from China into Japan has been suspected through the import as fishing bait. To elucidate this suspicion, the shrimps and their symbionts were collected and analyzed both from Japan and China. Two major haplotype clades were found for Neocaridina spp., based on the sequenced partial CO I and 16SrRNA genes of the mtDNA. Clade I was composed of the haplotypes detected only from Japan, while Clade II was composed of those observed from both countries. Clade II included the haplotypes with identical or few nucleotide differences between Japan and China. This indicates that Clades I and II are assigned to the indigenous lineage in Japan (i.e., N.denticulata denticulata) and the exotic ones from China, respectively. These facts suggest that invasion of Neocaridina spp. from China into Japan has really occurred. In four localities of Japan, the two clades were observed sympatrically, implying the genetic pollution through hybridization or introgression between indigenous and exotic populations. Together with the hearing investigation from exporters and importers of the shrimps, exotic Neocaridina spp. were supposed to have been introduced from the northern and middle part of China, and the symbiotic branchiobdellidan, H. truncatus, recently recorded in central Japan from the middle part of China.

最近分类学上不稳定的无尾虾新虾属的入侵。从中国进入日本的物质被怀疑是通过作为鱼饵进口的。为了澄清这种怀疑，从日本和中国收集了虾及其共生体并进行了分析。根据 mtDNA 的部分 CO I 和 16SrRNA 基因测序，发现了 Neocaridina spp. 的两个主要单倍型进化枝。分支 I 由仅在日本检测到的单倍型组成，而分支 II 则由在两国观察到的单倍型组成。 Clade II 包括日本和中国之间具有相同或很少核苷酸差异的单倍型。这表明进化枝 I 和 II 分别属于日本本土谱系（即 N. denticulata denticulata）和来自中国的外来谱系。这些事实表明 Neocaridina spp. 的入侵。从中国到日本的情况确实发生了。在日本的四个地方，这两个分支被观察到同域，这意味着本地和外来种群之间的杂交或基因渗入造成了遗传污染。加上对虾出口商和进口商的听证会调查，外来新虾属。被认为是从中国北部和中部地区引入的，而共生的branchiobdellidan，H. truncatus，最近在日本中部记录到来自中国中部。