Studies on earthquake cycles of continental transform faults based on surface geology and geomorphology

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Recurrence behavior and mechanism were studied on the continental transform of the North Anatolian fault in Turkey. Firstly, high-precision topographic survey of the recent surface ruptures and associated deformation was carried out using dual-frequency RTK-GPS receivers. Secondly, trenching study was conducted in the east of Gerede on 1944 rupture to precisely determine timing and offset of 5 recent events. Thirdly, uncertainties of magnitude forecastw were analyzed using logic-tree evaluation methods.