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Studies of physiological responses of thermoregulatory, hormonal, and immune in track and field and swimming athletes with spinal cord injury in hot and cold environments

脊髓损伤田径和游泳运动员在冷热环境下体温调节、激素和免疫生理反应的研究

基本信息

批准号：
19500566
负责人：
SGAWARA Masashi
金额：
$ 2.83万
依托单位：
Nagasaki University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2007 至 2009
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this study was to clarify the influences of exercise-related stress on thermoregulatory, hormonal, and immune responses in hot/cold environments in track and field and swimming athletes with spinal cord injury. The subjects consisted of 5 male wheelchair long-distance athletes with spinal cord injury (wheelchair long-distance athlete group : WLG), 5 male wheelchair-using swimming athletes with spinal cord injury (wheelchair-using swimming athlete group : WSG), 5 healthy male college long-distance athletes (school long-distance athlete group : SLG), and 5 healthy male college swimming athletes (school swimming athlete group : SSG). Informed consent was obtained from all subjects. The measurement periods were September 2007 and December-February in 2007/2008, September-December 2008, and September 2009 and December-March 2009/2010. In 2007, exercise was performed in a climatic chamber at a temperature of 28℃ with 60% RH. In 2008, exercise was performed in a climatic chambe … More r (28℃, 60% RH) while hot (42℃) or cold (15℃) water was circulated through a control tubing suit. In 2007 and 2008, exercise was performed using an arm cranking ergometer at 60%Vo2max for 60 minutes. In 2009 and 2010, exercise was performed on a 400-m track or in a 50-m indoor pool. Concerning the environmental temperature in summer, the air temperature and WBGT of the track were 27 and 29℃, respectively, and the water temperature and WBGT in the indoor pool were 30 and 28℃, respectively. In winter, the air temperature of the track was 12℃, and the water temperature in the indoor pool was 32℃. As track and field exercise, completing a 10,000-m distance within 25 minutes was used for WLG and that within 45 minutes for SLG. As swimming exercise, a 1,000-m freestyle swim within 40 minutes was used for both WSG and SSG. The measurement items were thermoregulatory parameters (such as the perspiration rate, esophageal temperature, mean skin temperature, and osmotic pressure), a hormone (catecholamine), and an immunological parameter (reactive oxygen production by neutrophils). The results were as follows :A. After exercise in a hot environment (summer), no differences were observed in the thermoregulatory or hormonal responses among WLG, WSG, SLG, and SSG. However, immune responses tended to increase more in WLG than in SLG. After exercise in a cold environment (winter), no difference was observed among the 4 groups.B. After exercise at 15 (cold water) or 42℃ (warm water) using the control tubing suit, no differences were observed in thermoregulatory, hormonal, or immune responses among the 4 groups. Using warm water, thermoregulatory responses tended to be poorer in WLG and WSG than in SLG and SSG. Immune responses did not differ among the 4 groups.C. In summer, thermoregulatory responses after the track/swimming event tended to be poorer in WLG than in WSG. In winter, no differences were observed among the 4 groups.These results suggest a risk of heat disorder due to impaired perspiration on exercise at a high temperature in wheelchair athletes with spinal cord injury. Preventive measures such as the use of a cooling jacket are required. In addition, it is important to clarify the degree of perspiration impairment in wheelchair athletes with spinal cord injury. Less

本研究旨在探讨运动应激对冷热环境下田径和游泳运动员脊髓损伤时体温调节、激素和免疫反应的影响。研究对象包括5名男性轮椅长距离运动员脊髓损伤(轮椅长距离运动员组)、5名轮椅游泳运动员脊髓损伤(轮椅游泳运动员组)、5名健康男子高校长距离运动员(学校长距离运动员组)、5名健康男性大学生游泳运动员(学校游泳运动员组)。所有受试者均获得知情同意。测算期为2007年9月和2007/2008年12月至2月、2008年9月至12月和2009年9月和2009年12月至2010年3月。2007年，在温度为28℃、相对湿度为60%的气候室中进行了锻炼。2008年，运动在气候昌贝…进行。在热水(42℃)或冷水(15℃)的情况下，更多的水(28℃，60%RH)通过控制管套循环。在2007年和2008年，使用60%最大摄氧量的手臂摇臂式测功器进行60分钟的锻炼。在2009年和2010年，锻炼是在400米跑道或50米室内游泳池进行的。夏季环境温度方面，赛道气温为27℃，水温为29℃；室内水温为30℃，水温为28 kgt。冬季，赛道气温为12℃，室内泳池水温为32℃。作为田径运动，WLG组在25分钟内完成10000米距离，SLG组在45分钟内完成10000米距离。作为游泳运动，WG组和SSG组均采用40分钟内的1000米自由泳。测量项目为体温调节参数(如出汗率、食道温度、平均皮肤温度和渗透压)、激素(儿茶酚胺)和免疫学参数(中性粒细胞产生活性氧)。结果如下：a.在高温环境下(夏季)运动后，WLG、WSG、SLG和SSG之间的体温调节或激素反应没有差异。然而，WLG的免疫反应往往比SLG增加得更多。在寒冷环境下(冬季)运动后，4组间无差异。B.在15℃(冷水)或42 min(温水)下使用对照管服进行运动后，4组间体温调节、激素或免疫反应均无差异。在温水中，WLG和WSG的体温调节反应往往比SLG和SSG更差。4组免疫反应无差异。C.夏季，WLG组赛后体温调节反应较WSG组差。在冬季，四组之间没有观察到差异。这些结果表明，在患有脊髓损伤的轮椅运动员中，由于高温运动时汗液受损而有患上热紊乱的风险。需要采取预防措施，如使用冷却夹克。此外，明确轮椅运动员脊髓损伤的排汗损害程度也很重要。较少