Development of high corrosion resistant and wear resistant Ti-Zr alloys for bone substitution

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The objectives of the current study were to develop a new titanium alloy with low Young's modulus, high corrosion and wear resistances. Zirconium and hafnium which form a continuous solid solution with titanium were chosen as an alloying element. A Ti-60 at.% Zr alloy showed the lowest Young's modulus of 89.5 GPa within all the Ti-Zr and Ti-Hf alloys examined. The addition of Zr and Hf remarkably increased Vickers hardness number, showing marked increases of mechanical strength. This suggests that the wear resistance of the Ti-Zr and Ti-Hf alloys is greatly improved compared to that of pure Ti. The linear sweep voltammetry of all the prepared Ti-Zr and Ti-Hf alloys in a deaerated 0.9% NaCl aqueous solution at 37℃ suggested that additive elements (Zr, Hf) should be restricted up to about 50 at.% for use in a human body.