Development of low elastic modulus titanium alloys forbone substitution

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It is important for load-bearing metallic biomaterials to satisfy various requisites, such as high mechanical strength, high corrosion resistance and low elastic moduli similar to those of a living cortical bone. In the present study, (Ti-60Zr)-X and (Ti-70Zr)-X (X = 1 at.% Pd or Pt) ternary alloys were prepared and their density, Young’s modulus, shear modulus, Vickers hardness and crystal structure were analyzed. The addition of a small amount of noble metals (Pd, Pt) markedly increased Young’s modulus, shear modulus and Vickers hardness. Density also considerably increased with the addition of Pd and Pt. X-ray diffraction study showed that the above mentioned significant change in mechanical properties were caused by formation of a ω-phase in addition to α-phase in the as-cast alloy ingots. In summary, the alloying addition of a small amount of noble metals (Pd, Pt) to Ti-Zr alloys is not recommended from the viewpoint of the development of low elastic modulus biomedical materials for bone substitution.