Micro data analysis on geographical inequalities of health in Japan

这项研究旨在通过应用各种空间分析技术对日本成年人口的微观数据集进行分析，以检验日本大都市地区邻里层面的健康地理不平等。因此，不仅居民社会经济地位的人口构成区域差异产生的构成效应，而且社会建设的邻里环境造成的背景效应也显著决定了以自评健康和其他与健康有关的行为衡量的健康的地理不平等。研究还发现，这种不平等是由大都市区的社会区域分布构成的。结果表明，公共卫生政策对于减少贫困和贫困集中以及创造和维持健康的邻里环境具有重要意义。

This study aims to examine the geographic inequalities of health at a neighbourhood level in Japanese metropolitan areas by applying various spatial analysis techniques to micro data sets of Japanese adult population. As a result, not only compositional effects derived from the regional variations in population compositions of residential socio-economic status, but also contextual effects caused by socio-built neighbourhood environments significantly determine the geographic inequalities of health measured by self-rated health and other health-related behaviours. It is also revealed that the inequalities are structured by the social area distribution in the metropolitan areas. The result indicates the importance of public health policies to reduce deprivation and poverty concentrations as well as to create and maintain healthy neighbourhood environments.