Spatial Composition of Power Centers in Medieval and Early-Modern Vietnam

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We studied the location and functions of medieval and early modern power centers in present-day northern and central Vietnam, the most important center being Thang Long (Hanoi). For each center, we made literary research and field surveys. Referring recent research of Chinese and other East/Southeast Asian capitals, we proposed a number of new understandings of the spatial segmentations and the disposition of functions outside the citadel wall of Thang Long. Besides, we collected abundant materials and information of other power centers, including those of Champa.