Development of viscosity measurement method for liquid Fe-alloy at ultrahigh pressure using diamond/SiC composite anvils

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We have established the process for producing the new anvil using diamond/SiC composite material, which has high hardness and high X-ray transparency, and developed the viscosity measurement technique of X-ray falling sphere method at ultrahigh pressure. Due to developed experimental techniques using the diamond/SiC composite anvil, high pressure and high temperature have been successfully generated up to 2000°C and 32 GPa. We performed X-ray falling sphere viscosity measurements of liquid Fe-S system at high pressures and high temperatures, and determined the viscosity of the Earth's outer core from obtained precise data.