Development of reaction-selective separation systems with superheated water and analysis of chemical reactions in aqueous solutions at elevated temperature

建立了过热水离子交换色谱柱(SW-IEC)，即100℃以上加压液态水(SW-IEC)，研究了离子交换分离过程的机理。结果表明，SWIEC是一种通过控制温度来大幅度改变离子溶质分离选择性的有力工具。阐明了界面水在疏水表面上的状态和分离作用，提出了测定疏水表面和本体溶液中化学反应的平衡常数和动力学常数的高效液相色谱方法。此外，利用多孔石墨炭的催化氧化还原活性，建立了氧化还原衍生化二维高效液相色谱系统，该分离技术对痕量可还原和可氧化化合物的选择性分离和测定是非常有用的。

Ion-exchange chromatography with superheated water, i.e., liquid water under pressure at temperatures above 100 °C (SW-IEC) was developed and the mechanism of ion-exchange separation processes was investigated using SW-IEC. Based on the results obtained, it was demonstrated that SW-IEC is a powerful tool for changing separation selectivity for ionic solutes drastically by controlling temperature. The states and separation function of the interfacial water on hydrophobic surfaces were clarified and an HPLC method was presented for determination of equilibrium constants and kinetic constants of chemical reactions proceeding on the hydrophobic surfaces as well as in the bulk solution phases. Furthermore redox derivatization two-dimensional HPLC system was developed using catalytic redox activity of porous graphitic carbon and it was shown that this separation technique is very useful for selective separation and determination of trace amounts of reducible and oxidizable compounds.