Observations on multiple deformation microstructures at the very early plastic deformation stages of Fe-Mn based alloys

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We investigated the effect of deformation modes on the proof stress of high-Mn austenitic steels. Commodities and differences among three plastic deformation mechanisms, i.e., deformation-induced γ→ε martensitic transformation, γ deformation twinning and slip deformation, are discussed in their nucleation, development and the effect on mechanical properties. They are commonly formed on the closely-packed {111} planes by the shear-type displacement and thus exhibit plate-like morphologies. They are described by regularly overlapping stacking faults. On the other hand, macroscopic properties such as the proof stress of polycrystal alloys are determined by the onset stress and a variety of microstructural interactions of the plates, which are differently affected by the existence/absence of the phase transformation, the stacking fault energy and the distribution of the plate nucleation sites.