Development of forming limit prediction method for anisotropic steel tube subjected to combined loading paths and experimental validation

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A servo-controlled biaxial tensile tenting machine for sheet metals was developed to measure the biaxial stress-strain curves of test samples in a strain range up to fracture with no unloading. The sheet sample was bent and welded to make a tubular specimen and combined tension-internal pressure was applied to it using the testing apparatus. The deformation behavior and forming limit stresses and strains of cold rolled IF steel sheet (SPCE) and high strength steel tube under linear and combined stress paths were successfully measured. The experimental tendencies were in qualitative agreed with those calculated using the strain localization analysis based on the Marciniak-Kuczy?ski approach.