Health effects of hazardous factors in the environment and the risk assessment

环境有害因素对健康的影响及风险评估

• 批准号: 20390180
• 负责人: MURATA Katsuyuki
• 金额: $ 6.24万
• 依托单位: Akita University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2008 至 2010
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-20390180/
• 关键词: リスク評価; 健康影響; 有害因子; 地域保健; 産業保健; 有害化学物質; ベンチマークドース法; 農薬; 神経影響; トリクロロエチレン; 曝露量-影響関係; 神経運動機能影響; 身体重心動揺検査; 手のふるえ検査; 脳・神経; 腎機能影響; 鉛

The four studies were carried out to clarify human health effects of chronic low-level exposures to hazardous factors in the environment. (1) To assess the neuromotor impact of trichloroethylene objectively, static postural sway and hand tremor parameters, along with urinary trichloroethanol and trichloroacetic acid levels, were investigated in 57 workers without obvious neurological disorders and 60 control subjects. (2) To assess the chronic effect of organophosphorus insecticides in the environment, the urinary dialkylphosphate concentrations and outcome parameters such as cardiac autonomic nervous and neuromotor functions were examined in 339 Japanese adults who were engaged in the food distribution, apple farming and pest control operation. (3) To examine whether the critical level of lead producing adverse effects truly differs between workers and children, an overview of studies addressing the critical level of lead in workers, along with a perspective on lead toxicity in children, was provided by using available data chosen from PubMed. (4) The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recommended that the benchmark dose (BMD) approach, as an alternative to the traditionally used no-observed-adverse-effect level approach, be used as the method of choice for the determination of the reference point for deriving health-based guidance values and margins of exposure. As a result, by using the BMD approach recommended by the EFSA, human health safety may be better guaranteed because of the lower reference points for hazardous substances. However, its application to epidemiological data does not always reflect toxicological implications in light of the clinical standard.

进行这四项研究是为了阐明长期低水平接触环境中有害因素对人类健康的影响。(1)为了客观评估三氯乙烯对神经运动的影响，对57名无明显神经系统疾病的工人和60名对照者进行了静态体位摇摆、手颤参数及尿三氯乙醇、三氯乙酸水平的调查。(2)为了评价环境中有机磷杀虫剂的慢性效应，对339名从事食品配送、苹果种植和害虫防治的日本成年人进行了尿中二烷基磷酸浓度和心脏自主神经和神经运动功能等结局参数的检测。(3)为了检验工人和儿童对铅产生不良影响的临界水平是否真的不同，本文利用PubMed上的现有数据，概述了工人中铅的临界水平的研究，并从儿童铅毒性的角度进行了研究。(4)欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）建议将基准剂量（BMD）方法作为传统上使用的未观察到不良反应水平方法的替代方法，作为确定确定基于健康的指导值和暴露限度的参考点的选择方法。因此，通过使用欧洲食品安全局建议的BMD方法，可以更好地保证人类健康安全，因为有害物质的参考点较低。然而，根据临床标准，其应用于流行病学数据并不总是反映毒理学意义。

项目成果

neuromotor effects of short-term and long-term exposures to trichloroethylene in workers.

工人短期和长期接触三氯乙烯对神经运动的影响。

• 发表时间: 2010
• 期刊: Am J Ind Med 53
• 作者: Murata K;Inoue O;Akutsu M;Iwata T
• 通讯作者: Iwata T

環境由来化学物質曝露の体内蓄積量低減を目指した介入研究

干预研究旨在减少体内累积的环境化学物质的暴露量

• 发表时间: 2011
• 作者: Otsuki T;他;仲井邦彦,黒川修行,川端輝江,佐々木裕子,柳沼梢,島田美幸,白石彩,中塚晴夫,村田勝敬
• 通讯作者: 仲井邦彦,黒川修行,川端輝江,佐々木裕子,柳沼梢,島田美幸,白石彩,中塚晴夫,村田勝敬

環境由来化学物質の胎児期曝露と新生児の行動発達の関連姓NBASによる解析から

产前接触环境化学物质与新生儿行为发育之间的关系 来自对 NBAS 姓氏的分析

• 发表时间: 2011
• 作者: 龍田希,仲井邦彦,鈴木恵太,柳沼梢,島田美幸,黒川修行,村田勝敬,佐藤洋

N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) as the most sensitive marker of tubular dysfunction for monitoring residents in non-polluted areas.

N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）是监测非污染地区居民肾小管功能障碍最敏感的标志物。

• 发表时间: 2009
• 期刊: Toxicol Lett 190
• 作者: Moriguchi J;Inoue Y;Kamiyama S;Horiguchi M;Murata K;Sakuragi S;Fukui Y;Ohashi F;Ikeda M
• 通讯作者: Ikeda M

意味の異なる2つの"予防."

两个“防”字，含义不同。

• 发表时间: 2008
• 期刊: 日衛誌 63
• 作者: 畑明寿;圓藤陽子;HabibM.A.;山中健三;藤谷登;圓藤吟史;Han W;村田勝敬
• 通讯作者: 村田勝敬