Exercise increases neurogenesis around the damaged area after traumatic brain injury

将Wistar大鼠随机分为两组：1）非运动组和2）运动组。运动组在跑台上以22 m/min的速度跑30 min/d，连续7 d。免疫组化被用来监测神经干细胞（NSC）周围的受损区域的增殖和离体技术被用来分离神经干细胞从两组的受损区域。在TBI后第3天和第7天观察到的作为NSC标记物的巢蛋白和作为增殖细胞阳性细胞标记物的Ki 67的数量在运动组中显著高于非运动组（P<0.01）。此外，运动组中大多数巢蛋白阳性细胞与Ki 67阳性细胞共定位。在离体研究中，球体可以在TBI后3天和7天从运动组的损伤脑组织中分离出来，但在非运动组中仅在3天。从受伤的脑组织中分离出的球体数量在运动组中比在非运动组中更多。球体呈巢蛋白免疫阳性，由神经干细胞组成，可以分化为神经元和神经胶质细胞。运动增加了创伤后受损区域周围神经干细胞的增殖。因此，TBI后早期的运动治疗（康复）对于TBI所致脑功能障碍的恢复至关重要。

Wistar rats received traumatic brain injury (TBI) and were randomly divided into two groups: 1) non-exercise group and 2) exercise group. The exercise group ran on a treadmill for 30 min/day at 22 m/min for 7 consecutive days. Immunohistochemistry was used to monitor neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation around the damaged area and ex vivo techniques were used to isolate NSCs from the damaged region in both groups. The number of nestin as a maker of NSC- and Ki67 as a marker of proliferation cell-positive cells observed at 3 and 7 days after TBI was significantly greater in the exercise group than in the non-exercise group (P<0.01). Furthermore, most nestin-positive cells in the exercise group co-localized with Ki67-positive cells. In ex vivo studies, spheres could be isolated from injured brain tissue from the exercise group at 3 and 7 days following TBI, but at only 3 days in the non-exercise group. The number of spheres isolated from injured brain tissue was greater in the exercise group than in the non-exercise group. Spheres were immunopositive for nestin and comprised of NSCs that could differentiate into neurons and glia. Exercise increases the proliferation of NSCs around the damaged area following TBI. Therefore, exercise therapy (rehabilitation) in the early phase following TBI is important for recuperation from cerebral dysfunction induced by TBI.