Epileptogenesis of refractory epilepsy in acute and chronic child-onset neurological disorders

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In order to clarify the pathogenesis of child-onset intractable epilepsy, we performed ELISA analysis in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and immunohistochemical study in the autopsy brains. We identified the involvements of axonal damage and oxidative stress in patients with acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and clinically mild encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion, respectively. We found the lesion of acetylcholine neurons in the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus in cases of perinatal disorders, sequels of West syndromes, and dentatorubropallidoluysian atrophy. We also discovered the impairment of the cortical GABAergic interneurons in cases of mucopolysaccharidosis and diffuse cortical dysplasia.