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A program directed to increasing child-care happiness in mothers and redevelopment of an evaluation scale for the program.

一项旨在提高母亲育儿幸福感的计划，并重新制定了该计划的评估量表。

基本信息

批准号：
20592592
负责人：
SHIMIZU Yoshiko
金额：
$ 2.08万
依托单位：
Nagano College of Nursing
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2008 至 2010
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-20592592/
关键词：
母親育児幸福感プログラム尺度開発短縮版尺度

项目摘要

The aims of this study were to (1) develop a short-form of the multidimensional CHS (Child-care Happiness Scale), which was developed by Shimizu et al. (2007), and (2) examine its reliability in order to increase general applicability. Mothers with infants younger than 6 years of age were asked to evaluate 41 items in the CHS that involved various situations which give rise to a feeling of happiness during child-care using a 5-point scale. We also used the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) and Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), which measure psychological health, in order to confirm the validity of the short-form CHS (SF-CHS).There were a total of 672 valid respondents. A factor analysis was performed on 41 items of the CHS, and then 16 items were selected for the SF-CHS, which consists of 3 factors : "joys of child-care," "connection with the child," and "husband's support." Items for the 3 factors had sufficiently high Cranach's α coefficients (0.81～0.86), which represent their intern … More al consistency. There was a significant positive correlation between the SF-CHS and SHS. In contrast, there was a significant negative correlation with BDI. There was a decreasing trend for "joys of child-care" and "connection with child" with increasing mother's age. Furthermore, "husband's support" was higher for mothers whose youngest child was less than 1 year old than for those whose youngest child was 4 years or older, and lowest for mothers with only one child. Differences between the SF-CHS and original CHS, their practicality, and future issues were discussed. Our findings suggest an association between SF-CHS and psychological health. The conciseness of the SF-CHS allows immediate feedback to each mother of her child-care happiness profile. In the future, SF-CHS can be expected to become a useful resource for mothers to reflect on their feelings on child-care.In addition,We developed and evaluated a six-session program over three months, each session lasting two hours, for mothers of infants in order to increase the level of happiness in raising their children. We conducted this program twice with nine to ten mothers per group. A total of 19 mothers participated in the program (experimental group). We evaluated psychological indicators (i.e., psychological scales) such as feelings of stress and happiness in raising children and self-esteem, as well as physiological indicators (i.e., autonomic nervous activity, brain waves, salivary chromogranin) such as levels of relaxation and stress. These indicators were assessed before participating in the first session of the program, after participating in the last session, and one month after participating in the last session.Similar evaluations were made on a control group of 16 mothers who did not participate in the program. Contents of the program for enhancing feelings of happiness in raising children consisted of developing relationships by talking with others about oneself, reflecting on one's feelings towards one's children, value happy moments in raising children, recognize each other's hard work, affirm oneself and gain self-confidence, make a life plan, and have others listen to one's issues. In addition, each session incorporated deep abdominal breathing and stretching exercises for smiling. The effectiveness of the program was revealed by the psychological and physiological effects observed. Compared to before the first session of the program, psychological value for self-esteem (Yamamoto et al., 1982) was significantly higher after the last session of the program, while levels of stress in raising children significantly decreased, in the experimental group. In particular, we identified a significant decrease in levels of stress caused by anxiety about raising children. Physiologically, alpha-3 brain waves were significantly higher after the last session of the program than before the first session, indicating an increase in relaxation capabilities of participants. However, alpha-3 brain waves at one month after the last session of the program did not differ significantly from those measured before the first session and after the last session. Free description by the participating mothers demonstrated the following effects: "it was good to hear others' experiences," "I realizedI'm not the only one having a hard time," "this broadened my views," "I was able to reflect on my life," "I was able to view myself objectively," "I made friends," and "I was reassured of my love for my child." In the control group, no significant changes were observed. Less

本研究的目的是（1）开发多维 CHS（儿童保育幸福量表）的简写形式，该量表由 Shimizu 等人开发。（2007），（2）检查其可靠性以增加普遍适用性。家有 6 岁以下婴儿的母亲被要求使用 5 分制评估 CHS 中的 41 个项目，这些项目涉及在育儿过程中产生幸福感的各种情况。我们还使用了主观幸福量表（SHS）和贝克抑郁量表（BDI）来衡量心理健康状况，以确认简式 CHS（SF-CHS）的有效性。共有 672 名有效受访者。对CHS的41个项目进行因子分析，然后选择16个项目作为SF-CHS，其由“育儿的乐趣”、“与孩子的联系”和“丈夫的支持”3个因子组成。 3个因素的项目都有足够高的Cranach's α系数（0.81～0.86），这代表了它们内部的一致性。 SF-CHS与SHS之间呈显着正相关。相比之下，与BDI呈显着负相关。随着母亲年龄的增加，“育儿的乐趣”和“与孩子的联系”有减少的趋势。此外，最小孩子不到1岁的母亲的“丈夫支持度”高于最小孩子4岁或以上的母亲，而只有一个孩子的母亲则最低。讨论了 SF-CHS 与原始 CHS 之间的差异、实用性以及未来的问题。我们的研究结果表明 SF-CHS 与心理健康之间存在关联。 SF-CHS 的简洁性允许立即向每位母亲反馈其育儿幸福状况。未来，SF-CHS有望成为母亲们反思育儿感受的有用资源。此外，我们为婴儿母亲制定并评估了为期三个月、每次持续两小时的六期课程，以提高养育孩子的幸福程度。我们进行了两次这个项目，每组有九到十名母亲。共有19位妈妈参与了该项目（实验组）。我们评估了心理指标（即心理量表），例如抚养孩子的压力和幸福感以及自尊，以及生理指标（即自主神经活动、脑电波、唾液嗜铬蛋白），例如放松和压力水平。这些指标在参加第一期项目之前、参加最后一期项目后以及参加最后一期项目一个月后进行了评估。对未参加该项目的 16 名母亲组成的对照组也进行了类似的评估。提升育儿幸福感项目的内容包括与他人谈论自己建立关系、反思自己对孩子的感受、珍惜育儿过程中的快乐时刻、认可彼此的辛苦、肯定自己并获得自信、制定人生计划、让别人倾听自己的问题。此外，每次训练都包含深腹式呼吸和微笑伸展练习。通过观察到的心理和生理影响揭示了该计划的有效性。与第一次课程之前相比，实验组在最后一次课程之后，自尊的心理价值（Yamamoto et al., 1982）显着升高，而抚养孩子的压力水平显着下降。特别是，我们发现抚养孩子的焦虑引起的压力水平显着下降。从生理上来说，最后一次课程后的 α-3 脑电波明显高于第一次课程前，表明参与者的放松能力有所增强。然而，最后一次疗程后一个月的 α-3 脑电波与第一次疗程前和最后一次疗程后测量的结果没有显着差异。参与的妈妈们的自由描述显示出以下效果：“很高兴听到别人的经历”、“我意识到我不是唯一一个经历过困难的人”、“这拓宽了我的视野”、“我能够反思自己的生活”、“我能够客观地看待自己”、“我交到了朋友”、“我对我的孩子的爱感到安心”。在对照组中，没有观察到显着变化。较少的