Development of new tumor vaccines using antigen presentation by recycling MHC class II molecules

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Efficient antigen presentation to CD4+ T cells is essential for activation of anti-tumor immunity. In order to elicit robust T cell responses with smaller doses of antigen, we have designed a new vaccine in which a CD4+ T cell epitope of ovalbumin is inserted in the complementary determining region of an immunoglobulin molecule. This inserted epitope is supposed to be presented to CD4+ T cells after direct binding to a recycling MHC class II molecule on the surface of an antigen presenting cell and processing in the endosome, in contrast to the known processing pathway involving the late endosomes and lysosomes.