Jansenism and Port-Royal: Polemics and Spirituality (1640-1662)

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Contrary to the so-called Jansenism controversies which would focus on the defense of the theory of grace affirmed in the Augustinus of Jansenius, the first movement of Port-Royal directed by Saint-Cyran until his death in 1643 developed a series of themes that together form quite an organic unity. The works of the young Antoine Arnauld concerned morality and penitence (De la Frequente Communion); faith and grace (De la necessite de la foi en Jesus-Christ pour etre sauve); charity (anti-Sirmond polemics and a related book which would remain unpublished); and also, implicitly, the important topic of attritionism and contritionism. The first Port-Royal and Jansenism would later achieve a synthesis in Pascal, for example in the remarks of the Fifth Provinciale on the necessary relation between laxity and Molinist grace.