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Development of Micro Air Vehicles to fly freely in turbulence

开发在湍流中自由飞行的微型飞行器

基本信息

批准号：
21560171
负责人：
IIDA Akiyoshi
金额：
$ 2.75万
依托单位：
Toyohashi University of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2009 至 2011
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In order to clarify the flight mechanism of insects, effects of incoming flow turbulence on aerodynamic forces of a micro air vehicle were measured experimentally focusing on the relationship between aerodynamic force and flow field around the micro air vehicle with a turbulence generator and the mechanical flapper. In the case of a fixed-wing, the angle of attack of flow was changed by the incoming flow turbulence. As a result, the aerodynamic force is reducing with increasing the intensity of the incoming flow turbulence. On the other hand, in the case of mechanical flapper, the flow fields were almost the same as both of the laminar and turbulent incoming flow. As a result, the aerodynamic lifting forces were almost the constant in turbulent flow. It is because that effect of the low Reynolds number flow and large reduced frequency of the insect' s flight. The separated vortices stay around the flapping wings. Therefore, these vortices generate the aerodynamic force act on the wings. There is a small influence for turbulence ; therefore this method is advantageous in comparison with a fixed-wing. It reveals that the wake capture is important to control and stable flight of insects. Moreover, it is necessary to optimize the ratio of flapping speed and flight speed for stable flight.

为了阐明昆虫的飞行机理，实验测量了来流湍流对微型飞行器气动力的影响，重点研究了带有湍流发生器和机械挡板的微型飞行器周围气动力与流场的关系。在固定翼的情况下，来流湍流改变了气流的攻角。因此，气动力随来流湍流强度的增加而减小。另一方面，在机械挡板的情况下，流场与层流和湍流来流的流场几乎相同。因此，气动升力在湍流中几乎是恒定的。这是由于昆虫S飞行的低雷诺数流动和大幅度减少频率的影响。分离的旋涡停留在拍打的翅膀周围。因此，这些涡流产生作用在机翼上的气动力。这种方法对湍流的影响很小，因此与固定翼相比具有很大的优势。结果表明，尾迹捕捉对昆虫的控制和稳定飞行具有重要意义。此外，为了稳定飞行，必须优化扑翼速度与飞行速度的比例。