Identification and characterization of susceptibility genes for type 1 diabetes by using syntenic homology between human and mouse

利用小鼠与人的同线性同源性研究1型糖尿病易感基因。HLA对1型糖尿病的贡献在3种不同的1型糖尿病亚型中存在差异：暴发型与其他亚型之间存在质的差异，缓慢进展型与急性发作型之间存在量的差异。MafA是一种胰岛素反式激活因子，其功能多态性与胸腺中胰岛素表达减少以及小鼠和人类通过胸腺中胰岛素表达减少对1型糖尿病的易感性相关。

Susceptibility genes for type 1 diabetes were studied by using syntenic homology between mouse and human. Contribution of HLA to type 1 diabetes was shown to be different among three subtypes of type 1 diabetes : qualitative difference between fulminant and other subtypes, and quantitative difference between slowly progressive and acute-onset. Functional polymorphisms of MafA, an insulin transactivator, were associated with reduced expression of insulin in the thymus and susceptibility to type 1 diabetes both in mice and humans through the reduced expression of insulin in the thymus.