Additional value of 16α-[ 18F] fluoro-17β-oestradiol PET for differential diagnosis between uterine sarcoma and leiomyoma in patients with positive or equivocal findings on[ 18F] fluorodeoxyglucose PET

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Pathologic data suggest that the rate of estrogen receptor(ER) expression in uterine sarcoma is significantly lower than in leiomyoma. The present study aimed to investigate whether ER expression using ER imaging agents for positron emission tomography(PET)(of which the most successful has been 16α-[18F]-fluoro-17β-estradiol(FES))(FES-PET) is able to add useful information to the differential diagnosis of uterine sarcoma and leiomyoma in patients with positive or equivocal findings on[18F] fluorodeoxyglucose(FDG)-PET(FDG-PET). Additional FES-PET findings confirmed uterine sarcoma in 91. 3% of a selected group of patients with equivocal or positive FDG uptake.