Pathogenesis research of pediatric intractable otitis media and viral-bacterial interaction

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We evaluated the co-related pathogenesis between viruses and bacteria in acute otitis media. Respiratory viruses were identified in about 9. 7% of middle ear fluid(MEF) from acute otitis media(AOM). We found positive correlation between detection of human vocavirus(HBoV) and Streptococcus pneumoniae in the MEF. HBoV may worsen the clinical symptoms and prolong the clinical outcome of AOM in pediatric population. Viral infection may prime the secondary bacterial infection in the middle ear and the improvement of AOM becomes significantly slower.rhinovirus(RV) infections are also reported to increase platelet activating factor receptor(PAF-R) expression on cultured cells and a specific inhibitor of the PAF-R decreased the number of S. pneumoniae adhering to the cells. These findings suggest that viral infection stimulates S. pneumoniae adhesion to airway epithelial cells.