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Measurement of ocular ultraviolet radiation(UVR) exposure by dummy-type mannequin dosimetry system for proposing ocular UV index

利用假人人体模型剂量测定系统测量眼部紫外线辐射（UVR）暴露量以提出眼部紫外线指数

基本信息

批准号：
21592249
负责人：
SASAKI Hiroshi
金额：
$ 3万
依托单位：
Kanazawa Medical University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2009 至 2011
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-21592249/
关键词：
疫学紫外線白内障紫外線暴露紫外線被曝紫外線曝露

项目摘要

Ocular ultraviolet(UV) exposure was measured by a mannequin dosimetry system and its correlation with UV index(UVI) was examined. There was good correlation between UVI and UV exposure to the top of head. When facing toward the sun, ocular UV-B exposure was 8-16% of ocular UV-AB exposure. The ratio of UV-B to UV-AB was relatively low in the morning and the evening, and was highest at noon. When facing away from the sun, the intensity of ocular UV-B exposure was one fourth of that when facing towards the sun in the morning and the evening, and 60% of that at noon. Since UV-B radiation has high scattering property, UV-B exposure is high even at noon. UV-B exposure measured by UV sensor at the top of the head and UVI showed good correlation. However, ocular UV exposure was relatively low when UVI was high, and when UVI was low, ocular exposure was relatively high, showing no significant relationship between the UVI and UV exposure to eyes and the need for ocular UVI to refer to ocular UV exposure. Ocular UV-B exposure when on a snow covered surface was several fold that when on asphalt despite UVI being the same. Since ocular UV exposure is greatly affected by reflected light in the ambient environment, the ocular UVI should be modified to reflect the surface environment such as snow, water and sand. Ocular UV protection in order of effectiveness was : sunglasses> eyeglasses> hat> sunshade Umbrella. In addition, the shape and color of a protector affected its efficacy, and its effectiveness depended on UVI and solar altitude. There was no difference in ocular UV exposure between different latitudes under the same solar altitude.

用人体模型剂量测量系统测量眼部紫外线（UV）暴露量，并研究其与UV指数（UVI）的相关性。UVI与头顶紫外线暴露量之间有较好的相关性。当面向太阳时，眼睛UV-B暴露是眼睛UV-AB暴露的8-16%。UV-B/UV-AB比值在早晨和傍晚较低，中午最高。当背对太阳时，眼睛的UV-B暴露强度在早晨和晚上是背对太阳时的1/4，中午是背对太阳时的60%。由于UV-B辐射具有高散射特性，因此即使在中午，UV-B暴露也很高。通过头顶的UV传感器测量的UV-B暴露量与UVI显示出良好的相关性。然而，当UVI高时，眼部UV暴露相对较低，而当UVI低时，眼部暴露相对较高，表明UVI与眼部UV暴露之间没有显著关系，并且需要眼部UVI来指代眼部UV暴露。尽管紫外线指数是相同的，但在雪覆盖的表面上，眼睛的紫外线B暴露是在沥青上的几倍。由于眼睛的紫外线照射受周围环境中反射光的影响很大，因此应修改眼睛的UVI以反映表面环境，如雪，水和沙子。眼部紫外线防护效果依次为：太阳镜>眼镜>帽子>遮阳伞。此外，保护器的形状和颜色影响其功效，其功效取决于紫外线指数和太阳高度。在同一太阳高度下，不同纬度的人眼紫外线暴露量无差异。