Study on Hypersonic Flow for Astrobiology around Icy Entry Object Based on High Temperature Gas Dynamics of Atmospheric Entry Vehicle

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On the early earth, the atmospheric entry of an extraterrestrial icy object is thought to occur frequently. In this study, the hypersonic and high temperature flow around such an entry object has been investigated. The hypersonic wind tunnel experiment using a spherical ice piece reveals the phenomenon that the melted ice due to the aerodynamic heating is re-frozen in the shoulder region to form a brim-like icy structure around the body. The numerical analysis of the chemically reacting high temperature flow indicates that in the high temperature flow behind the shock wave, hydrogen cyanide, which is one of the important prebiotic materials, is produced from the ablation gas of ice and the early earth's atmosphere composed of carbon dioxide and nitrogen molecule. The hydrogen cyanide produced around the entry object is distributed into the atmosphere behind it.