Research on High Temperature Gas Dynamics in Relation to Thermal Protection System of Solar Probe

与太阳探测器热防护系统相关的高温气体动力学研究

• 批准号: 14350508
• 负责人: SUZUKI Kojiro
• 金额: $ 8.38万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14350508/
• 关键词: Solar Probe; Solar Corona; Solar Wind; Radiative Heating; Thermal Protection System; Graphite; Sublimation; Rarefied Gas Dynamics; モンテカルロ法; 希薄気体

In order to realize the "Solar Probe" mission, in which the probe enters the solar corona to clarify the acceleration mechanism of the solar wind, research on the phenomena of high temperature gas dynamics in relation to the heat shield to protect the spacecraft from severe radiative heating from the sun has been made. The major conclusions are as follows :1)The rarefied gas dynamics analyses by the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo method show that the velocity distribution function of the solar wind is changed due to the molecular collision between the solar wind and the sublimation gas. For such disturbance to be negligible at observation of the solar wind, the total sublimation rate from the heat shield must be smaller than 2 mg/s.2)The disk type heat shield, which is made from graphite and is inclined at about 40 degrees to the solar direction, is promising because of its simple shape and small sublimation rate. Observation of the solar wind is disturbed by not only sublimation gas injection but also reflection of the incoming solar wind at the spacecraft surface. To reduce the disturbance, the sensors should be located on the top of the boom extended backward from the spacecraft base.3)The experiments on the laser ablation of graphite sheet have been conducted. It is experimentally clarified that the disk type heat shield works well from viewpoints of small sublimation rate and reduction in heat transfer to the spacecraft main body behind it.4)Feasibility of the small solar probe mission using the solar sail is studied. Trajectory analysis shows that the probe can reach the solar corona within five years. The balloon type heat shield is newly proposed to obtain higher thermal protection performance, smaller sublimation rate and smaller structural mass.

为了实现“太阳探测器”的使命，即探测器进入日冕以阐明太阳风的加速机制，对与保护航天器免受太阳严重辐射加热的隔热罩有关的高温气体动力学现象进行了研究。主要结论如下：1）用直接模拟蒙特卡罗方法对稀薄气体动力学的分析表明，由于太阳风与升华气体分子的碰撞，太阳风的速度分布函数发生了变化。为了使这种干扰在观测太阳风时可以忽略不计，热屏的总升华速率必须小于2 mg/s。2）由石墨制成的与太阳方向倾斜约40度的圆盘型热屏，由于其形状简单，升华速率小，因此很有希望。对太阳风的观测不仅受到升华气体喷射的干扰，而且受到入射太阳风在航天器表面反射的干扰。为了减少干扰，传感器应位于从航天器基座向后延伸的吊杆顶部。3）进行了石墨片的激光烧蚀实验。从升华率小和减少向其后面的航天器主体的热传递的观点出发，实验阐明了盘型热屏蔽的良好工作。4）研究了使用太阳帆的小型太阳探测器使命的可行性。轨迹分析表明，探测器可以在5年内到达日冕。为了获得更高的热防护性能、更小的升华速率和更小的结构质量，提出了一种新型的气囊式热屏。

项目成果

Thermal and Rarefied Flow Analyses on Heat Shield of Solar Probe

太阳探测器隔热罩的热流和稀流分析

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Proceedings of The Twenty-Fourth International Symposium on Space Technology and Science, Miyazaki (Selected Papers) 24
• 作者: Anil.K.Anal;Deepak Bhopatkar;S.Tokura;H.Tamura;Willem F.Stevens;C.E.McNamee et al.;Kojiro Suzuki
• 通讯作者: Kojiro Suzuki

Kojiro Suzuki, Kazuhisa Fujita, Takashi Abe: "Chemical Nonequilibrium Viscous Shock-Layer Analysis over Ablating Surface of Superorbital Re-Entry Capsule"The Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Report. SP No.17. 23-42 (2003)

Kojiro Suzuki、Kazuhisa Fujita、Takashi Abe：“超轨道再入舱烧蚀表面的化学非平衡粘性冲击层分析”空间与宇航科学研究所报告。

Kojiro Suzuki: "Rarefied Flow Simulation of Sublimation Gas around Solar Probe"Proceedings of Fourth Asia Workshop on Computational Fluid Dynamics. 135-140 (2004)

铃木小次郎：“太阳探测器周围升华气体的稀薄流动模拟”第四届亚洲计算流体动力学研讨会论文集。

Rarefied Flow Analysis of Solar Wind and Sublimation Gas around Solar Probe

太阳探测器周围太阳风和升华气体的稀薄流动分析

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: 38th AIAA Thermophysics Conference, Toronto, Canada,6-9 Jun.,2005. AIAA-2005-4690
• 作者: Y.Tsujii;T.Ishii;Kojiro Suzuki
• 通讯作者: Kojiro Suzuki

Numerical Study on Behavior of Outgas from Heat Shield of Solar Probe

太阳探测器隔热罩放气行为的数值研究

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: 37th AIAA Thermophysics Conference, Portland, Oregon,28 Jun.-1 Jul.,2004 AIAA-2004-2271
• 作者: P.Zhang;M.Murakami;C.E.McNamee et al.;Kojiro Suzuki
• 通讯作者: Kojiro Suzuki