Dark energy problem from aspects of nonlinear and non-equilibrium physics

从对遥远的Ia型超新星的观察来看，宇宙被认为含有一种未知的成分，叫做“暗能量”，它加速了宇宙的膨胀。为了寻找暗能量的物理实体，从非线性和非平衡物理的角度考虑宇宙非均质性的演化。从宇宙的非均匀性出发，提出了一些熵的公式，并研究了它们的性质。特别是，澄清了熵的时间增加与宇宙加速膨胀之间的关系。

From observations of distant type Ia supernovae, the universe is considered to contain an unknown component called 'dark energy', which accelerates cosmic expansion. In order to find out physical substance of dark energy, the evolution of cosmic inhomogeneities is considered from aspects of nonlinear and non-equilibrium physics. Some entropy formulae are proposed, which result from cosmic inhomogeneities, and their properties are studied. In particular, the relation between the temporal increase of the entropy and the accelerated cosmic expansion is clarified.