Comparative biogeography of saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal fungi : origin and evolution of Geastrales(Basidiomycota, Phallomycetidae)

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Ectomycorrhizal fungi require host plants to survive, but saprotrophic fungi do not require such partners. Because of that, spores of saprotrophic fungi may have higher success rate of colonization in new habitat even after a long distance, e. g., transoceanic, dispersal. This study investigated biogeographic patterns of saprotrophic mushrooms represented by Geastrales, and compared patterns with those of Hysterangiales, ectomycorrhizal mushrooms. The results indicated that transoceanic dispersal between Northern and Southern Hemispheres has occurred much more frequently for saprotrophic mushrooms.