Identification of post-translational modification in nuclear proteins during neural stem cell fate specification by proteomic analysis

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It is not yet completely understood how neural stem cell fate is specified, in spite of extensive investigations by, for instance, gene expression profiling. To tackle this important question, we have focused on the changes in post-translational modification of nuclear proteins such as transcription factors, coactivators/corepressors, and chromatin modifiers in neural stem cells (NSCs) in response to fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), a representative factor to maintain them. NSCs were stimulated by FGF2, and its lysates were examined by proteomic analysis. The result revealed 80 up- or down-regulated protein spots upon FGF2 stimulation out of 4095 spots with statistically significant differences. Among them, we focused on 24 spots differentially phosphorylated in response to FGF2, and identified all of them by nanoLC-QqTOF MS analysis. These proteins contained factors related to nuclear dynamics including nuclear translocation and chromatin modifications.