Histological analysis of a molecule involved in development of function for eating and swallowing

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Perineuronal oligodendrocytes are unmyelinating oligodendrocytes attaching to large neurons in various neural regions. However, little is known about their cellular characteristics. In this study, we examined their cytochemical properties in the mouse cerebral cortex. Almost all perineuronal oligodendrocytes expressed glia-specific or glia-enriched metabolic enzymes. Interestingly, they attached more to glutamatergic principal neurons, when the cerebral cortex develops and maturates. These cytochemical properties suggest that perineuronal oligodendrocytes are so differentiated as to fulfill metabolic support to the associating principal cortical neurons.