Responses to environmental changes in the Arctic top predators based on fine-scale behavioral data

详细的行为数据记录了格陵兰鲨鱼和北极熊的行为，它们是北极生态系统中的顶级捕食者。当考虑到体型的影响时，格陵兰鲨的游泳速度和拍尾频率在鱼类中是最慢的。这一结果表明，该物种的游泳性能受到北冰洋冷水的限制。北极熊在4月份大约有一半的时间是活跃的，没有显示出明确的饮食活动模式。

Fine-scale behavioral data were recorded for the Greenland shark and the polar bear, the top predators in the Arctic ecosystems. Greenland sharks showed the slowest swim speed and tail-beat frequency across fishes, when the effect of body size was accounted for. This result indicates that the swimming performance of this species is limited by cold water in the Arctic Ocean. Polar bears were active for about the half of their time, without showing clear diel activity patterns, in April.