International Comparative Analysis of the Creation of Sustainability Innovation

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The processes of production, diffusion, and utilization of various types of knowledge are analyzed with long-term consequences for society. Sustainability science thus deals with dynamic, complex interactions among diverse actors creating, transmitting, and applying various types of knowledge under specific institutional conditions. There are many phases that can be identified in the production, diffusion, and utilization of knowledge by different actors, without necessarily involving coordination with one another. Gaps and inconsistencies inevitably exist among different phases in terms of the quantity, quality, and rate of knowledge processed. This effectively constitutes a major challenge in pursuing sustainability on a global scale. International comparative analysis of technological or sectoral innovation systems is useful to produce useful findings for corporate strategy, public policy, and institutional design for sustainability innovation.