Educational Development and Social Change in South Asia

南亚，特别是印度和孟加拉国最近的教育发展的特点是，提供学校教育的非政府机构迅速扩大，包括得到承认和未得到承认的私立学校，以及由非政府组织和宗教组织管理的学校。我们的主要发现是：(1)尽管这一趋势激活了很少接受正规教育的各个阶层的人对教育的期望，(2)学校之间的差距是增加而不是减少的，(3)中等到更高水平的非精英教育不一定能更好地进入就业市场。换句话说，教育差距仍然是该地区教育发展的关键问题。两国目前正在进行的教育改革试图规范各种提供者与政府之间的关系，强调后者有责任提高教育质量和公平。

The recent educational development in South Asia, especially that of India and Bangladesh, is characterized by rapid expansion of non-governmental providers of school education including private schools, both recognized and unrecognized, and schools managed by NGOs and religious organizations. Our main findings are:(1) although this trend has activated expectation to education among the various sections of people who had little access to formal education,(2) disparity among the schools is increasing than decreasing,(3) non-elite education of secondary to higher level does not necessary promise better access to job market.In other words, disparity of education is still crucial issue in the educational development in this region. The educational reforms which are undertaken now in both countries try to regulate the relationship between various providers and the government, stressing responsibility of the latter to improve quality and equality in education.